Why have clinical trials in sepsis failed?

Definitions for Sepsis and Organ Failure and Guidelines for the Use of Innovative Therapies in Sepsis

Bone, R. C., BALK, R. A., Cerra, F. B., Dellinger, R. P., Fein, A. M., Knaus, W. A., Schein, R. M. H., & Sibbald, W. J. (1992) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.101.6.1644 · Cited by 13,317

Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock

Rivers, E., Nguyen, B., Havstad, S., Ressler, J., Muzzin, A., Knoblich, B., Peterson, E., & Tomlanovich, M. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa010307 · Cited by 10,743

Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care

Angus, D. C., Linde-Zwirble, W. T., Lidicker, J., Clermont, G., Carcillo, J., & Pinsky, M. R. (2001) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-200107000-00002 · Cited by 8,503

Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene

Poltorak, A., He, X., Smirnova, I., Liu, M.-Y., Huffel, C. V., Du, X., Birdwell, D., Alejos, E., Silva, M., Galanos, C., et al. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.282.5396.2085 · Cited by 7,631

Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human Activated Protein C for Severe Sepsis

Bernard, G. R., Vincent, J., Laterre, P., LaRosa, S. P., Dhainaut, J.-F., Lopez-Rodriguez, A., Steingrub, J. S., Garber, G. E., Helterbrand, J. D., Ely, E. W., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200103083441001 · Cited by 6,124

2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference

Levy, M. M., Fink, M. P., Marshall, J. C., Abraham, E. H., Angus, D. C., Cook, D., Cohen, J., Opal, S. M., Vincent, J., & Ramsay, G. (2003) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000050454.01978.3b · Cited by 5,976

Intensive versus Conventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patients

(2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0810625 · Cited by 5,119

Genomic responses in mouse models poorly mimic human inflammatory diseases

Seok, J., Warren, H. S., Cuenca, A. G., Mindrinos, M. N., Baker, H. V., Xu, W., Richards, D. R., McDonald-Smith, G. P., Gao, H., Hennessy, L., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1222878110 · Cited by 3,005

Functional Disability 5 Years after Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Herridge, M. S., Tansey, C. M., Matte, A. L., TOMLINSON, G. A., Diaz-Granados, N., Cooper, A., Guest, C. B., Mazer, C. D., Mehta, S., Stewart, T. E., et al. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1011802 · Cited by 2,892

Anti-cachectin/TNF monoclonal antibodies prevent septic shock during lethal bacteraemia

Tracey, K. J., Fong, Y., Hesse, D. G., Manogue, K. R., Lee, A. T., Kuo, G. C., Lowry, S. F., & Cerami, A. (1987) · Nature · doi:10.1038/330662a0 · Cited by 2,448

Evolving Paradigms in Sepsis Management: A Narrative Review

Kim, M., Choi, E.-J., & Choi, E.-J. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13141172 · Cited by 24

Plasma proteomics identifies molecular subtypes in sepsis

Bracht, T., Kappler, K., Bayer, M., Grell, F., Schork, K., Palmowski, L., Koos, B., Rahmel, T., Ziehe, D., Unterberg, M., et al. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05639-6 · Cited by 22

Single versus combined immunoregulatory approach using PD-1 and CTLA-4 modulators in controlling sepsis

Rudick, C. P., Cornell, D. L., & Agrawal, D. K. (2017) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2017.1357469 · Cited by 22

Thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients due to vascular microthrombotic disease: pathogenesis based on “two activation theory of the endothelium”

Chang, J. C. (2017) · Vascular Diseases and Therapeutics · doi:10.15761/vdt.1000132 · Cited by 22

Leukocyte transcriptional signatures dependent on LPS dosage in human endotoxemia

Khan, H. N., Perlee, D., Schoenmaker, L., van der Meer, A. J., Franitza, M., Toliat, M. R., Nürnberg, P., Zwinderman, A. H., van der Poll, T., & Scicluna, B. P. (2019) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.4a0219-050r · Cited by 24

eQTLs identify regulatory networks and drivers of variation in the individual response to sepsis

Burnham, K. L., Milind, N., Lee, W., Kwok, A. J., Cano-Gamez, K., Mi, Y., Geoghegan, C. G., Zhang, P., Addison, J., Galley, H. F., et al. (2024) · Cell Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100587 · Cited by 20

Integrated clustering of multiple immune marker trajectories reveals different immunotypes in severely injured patients

Bodinier, M., Peronnet, E., Llitjos, J., Kreitmann, L., Brengel‐Pesce, K., Rimmele, T. R., Fleurie, A., Textoris, J., Venet, F., Maucort‐Boulch, D., et al. (2024) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-024-04990-4 · Cited by 21

Aiming for precision: personalized medicine through sepsis subtyping

Kolodyazhna, A., Wiersinga, W. J., & van der Poll, T. (2024) · Burns & Trauma · doi:10.1093/burnst/tkae073 · Cited by 29

Inhibition of Interleukin-40 prevents multi-organ damage during sepsis by blocking NETosis

Cai, S., Xiao, L., Zhang, C., Jiang, Y., Liu, Y., He, Z., Ma, S., Yao, Y., Wong, C.-K., Wu, G., et al. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05257-2 · Cited by 21

Longitudinal multiomic signatures of ARDS and sepsis inflammatory phenotypes identify pathways associated with mortality

Alipanah, N., Neyton, L. P. A., Sinha, P., Leroux, C., Bardillon, K., Carrillo, S. A., Chak, S., Chao, O., Hariharan, T., Hendrickson, C. M., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci196290 · Cited by 30

Reflections on Critical Care’s Past, Present, and Future

Shankar‐Hari, M., Wunsch, H., Rowan, K., Singer, M., Rubenfeld, G. D., & Angus, D. C. (2021) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000005246 · Cited by 23

Electroacupuncture at ST36 (Zusanli) Prevents T-Cell Lymphopenia and Improves Survival in Septic Mice

Lv, Z.-Y., Shi, Y.-L., Bassi, G. S., Chen, Y., Yin, L.-M., Wang, Y., Ulloa, L., Yang, Y., & Xu, Y. (2022) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s361466 · Cited by 21

Unlocking the Untapped Potential of Endothelial Kinase and Phosphatase Involvement in Sepsis for Drug Treatment Design

Luxen, M., van Meurs, M., & Molema, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.867625 · Cited by 23

Past, Present, and Future of Augmentation of Monocyte Function in the Surgical Patient

Galbraith, N. J., Walker, S., Carter, J. V., & Polk, H. C. (2016) · Surgical Infections · doi:10.1089/sur.2016.014 · Cited by 21

Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Circulating Microvesicles: Discovery, Evolution, and Evidence as a Novel Biomarker and the Probable Causative Agent for Sepsis

Webber, R. J., Sweet, R. M., & Webber, D. S. (2018) · The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.1373/jalm.2018.026377 · Cited by 21

Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Transplantation in Rats With Sepsis

Xu, X., Yang, J. O., Li, N., Wu, R.-N., Tian, H., Song, H., & Wang, H. (2015) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.10.024 · Cited by 21

Disrupting the dangerous alliance: Dual anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant strategy targets platelet-neutrophil crosstalk in sepsis

Chen, S., Wu, A., Shen, X., Kong, J., & Huang, Y. (2025) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.01.053 · Cited by 21

Clinical subtypes in critically ill patients with sepsis: validation and parsimonious classifier model development

van Amstel, R. B. E., Rademaker, E., Kennedy, J. N., Bos, L. D. J., Sengers, H. P., Butler, J. M., Bruse, N., Dongelmans, D. A., Kox, M., Vlaar, A. P. J., et al. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05256-3 · Cited by 20

Inflammation Controls Susceptibility of Immune-Experienced Mice to Sepsis

Berton, R. R., Jensen, I. J., Harty, J. T., Griffith, T. S., & Badovinac, V. P. (2022) · ImmunoHorizons · doi:10.4049/immunohorizons.2200050 · Cited by 21

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (SAHA) Reduces Mortality in an Endotoxemia Mouse Model by Suppressing Glycolysis

Wu, Y., He, Y., Liu, C., Ehle, C., Iyer-Bierhoff, A., Liu, B., Heinzel, T., & Xing, S. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241512448 · Cited by 20

Polystyrene-Divinylbenzene-Based Adsorbents Reduce Endothelial Activation and Monocyte Adhesion Under Septic Conditions in a Pore Size-Dependent Manner

Eichhorn, T., Rauscher, S., Hammer, C., Gröger, M., Fischer, M. B., & Weber, V. (2016) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-016-0408-1 · Cited by 20

Sepsis Definitions

Marshall, J. C. (2017) · Critical Care Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2017.08.004 · Cited by 20

Context and Implications of the New Pediatric Sepsis Criteria

Carlton, E. F., Perry, M., & Prescott, H. C. (2024) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2023.27979 · Cited by 20

Dose-Dependent Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on the Endothelium—Sepsis versus Metabolic Endotoxemia-Induced Cellular Senescence

Merk, D., Cox, F. F., Jakobs, P., Prömel, S., Altschmied, J., & Haendeler, J. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13040443 · Cited by 21

Tropomodulin1 exacerbates inflammatory response in macrophages by negatively regulating LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis

Geng, X., Xia, X., Liang, Z., Li, S., Yue, Z., Zhang, H., Guo, L., Ma, S., Jiang, S., Lian, X., et al. (2024) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-024-05424-8 · Cited by 19

A conserved immune dysregulation signature is associated with infection severity, risk factors prior to infection, and treatment response

Ganesan, A., Moore, A. R., Zheng, H., Toh, J., Freedman, M., Magis, A. T., Heath, J. R., & Khatri, P. (2025) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2025.05.020 · Cited by 18

A Precision Medicine Approach to Biomarker Utilization in Pediatric Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Odum, J. D., Wong, H. R., & Stanski, N. L. (2021) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2021.632248 · Cited by 21

Relative adrenal insufficiency is a risk factor and endotype of sepsis - A proof-of-concept study to support a precision medicine approach to guide glucocorticoid therapy for sepsis

Wu, C.-H., Guo, L., Hao, D., Wang, Q., Ye, X., Ito, M., Huang, B., Mineo, C., Shaul, P. W., & Li, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1110516 · Cited by 18

A 3D printed wound cooling system incorporated with injectable, adsorbable, swellable and broad spectrum antibacterial scaffolds for rapid hematischesis processing

Ai, F., Liu, T., Liu, Y., Yang, K., Liu, Y., Wang, W., Yuan, F., Dong, L., Xin, H., & Wang, X. (2018) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c8tb01625a · Cited by 19

TLR8 and complement C5 induce cytokine release and thrombin activation in human whole blood challenged with Gram-positive bacteria

Ehrnström, B., Kojen, J. F., Giambelluca, M. S., Ryan, L., Moen, S. H., Hu, Z., Yin, H. H., Mollnes, T. E., Damås, J. K., Espevik, T., et al. (2020) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.3a0120-114r · Cited by 19

Should we treat sepsis-induced DIC with anticoagulants?

Inata, Y. (2020) · Journal of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/s40560-020-0435-8 · Cited by 19

The circular RNA landscape in specific peripheral blood mononuclear cells of critically ill patients with sepsis

Khan, H. N., Brands, X., Aufiero, S., Hoogendijk, A. J., Klarenbeek, A. M., van Engelen, T. S. R., Haak, B. W., van Vught, L. A., Horn, J., Schultz, M. J., et al. (2020) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03146-4 · Cited by 19

CD11c regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells under stress

Hou, L., Voit, R. A., Sankaran, V. G., Springer, T. A., & Yuki, K. (2020) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002504 · Cited by 22

Cardiolipin inhibits the non-canonical inflammasome by preventing LPS binding to caspase-4/11

Pizzuto, M., Monteleone, M. M., Burgener, S. S., Began, J., Kurera, M., Chia, J. R., Frampton, E., Crawford, J., Oliveira, M., Kenney, K. M., et al. (2025) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/s44318-025-00507-z · Cited by 20

Could Biomarkers Direct Therapy for the Septic Patient?

Sims, C. R., Nguyen, T. C., & Mayeux, P. R. (2016) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.115.230797 · Cited by 18

The History of Biomarkers: How Far Have We Come?

Lachmann, G., & Reinhart, K. (2020) · Critical care clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2019.08.001 · Cited by 3

N6-methyladenosine modification: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential in sepsis

Wang, W., Wang, H., & Sun, T. (2023) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115719 · Cited by 20

Deciphering sepsis: transforming diagnosis and treatment through systems immunology

Hancock, R. E. W., An, A., dos Santos, C. C., & Lee, A. H. (2025) · Frontiers in Science · doi:10.3389/fsci.2024.1469417 · Cited by 21

Is “pre-sepsis” the new sepsis? A narrative review

Gerard, R., Dewitte, A., Groß, F., Pradeu, T., Lemoine, M., Goret, J., & Mamani‐Matsuda, M. (2025) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1013372 · Cited by 17

Stroke research at the crossroads – where are we heading?

Roth, S., & Liesz, A. (2016) · Swiss Medical Weekly · doi:10.4414/smw.2016.14329 · Cited by 17

Influence of digital hypothermia on lamellar events related to IL‐6/gp130 signalling in equine sepsis‐related laminitis

Dern, K., Burns, T. A., Watts, M. R., Eps, A. W. V., & Belknap, J. K. (2019) · Equine Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1111/evj.13184 · Cited by 17

Cellular Immuno-Profile in Septic Human Host: A Scoping Review

Zanza, C., Caputo, G., Tornatore, G., Romenskaya, T., Piccioni, A., Franceschi, F., Artico, M., Taurone, S., Savioli, G., & Longhitano, Y. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11111626 · Cited by 18

Identification and transcriptomic assessment of latent profile pediatric septic shock phenotypes

Atreya, M. R., Huang, M., Moore, A. R., Zheng, H., Hasin-Brumshtein, Y., Fitzgerald, J. C., Weiss, S. L., Cvijanovich, N. Z., Bigham, M. T., Jain, P., et al. (2024) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-024-05020-z · Cited by 24

Pathogenic, immunologic, and clinical aspects of sepsis – update 2016

Uhle, F., Chousterman, B. G., Grützmann, R., Brenner, T., & Weber, G. F. (2016) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1080/14787210.2016.1224971 · Cited by 17

Enigmatic role of coagulopathy among sepsis survivors: a review of coagulation abnormalities and their possible link to chronic critical illness

Winer, L. K., Salyer, C. E., Beckmann, N., Caldwell, C. C., & Nomellini, V. (2020) · Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open · doi:10.1136/tsaco-2020-000462 · Cited by 17

Plasma Ferritin as Marker of Macrophage Activation-Like Syndrome in Critically Ill Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Brands, X., de Vries, F. M. C., Uhel, F., Haak, B. W., Sengers, H. P., Schuurman, A. R., van Engelen, T. S. R., Lutter, R., Cremer, O. L., Bonten, M. J. M., et al. (2021) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000005072 · Cited by 17

Mechanistic insights into cell-free hemoglobin-induced injury during septic shock

Wang, J., Applefeld, W. N., Sun, J., Solomon, S. B., Feng, J., Couse, Z. G., Risoleo, T. F., Danner, R. L., Tejero, J., Lertora, J. J. L., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00092.2021 · Cited by 17

Low-Density Granulocyte Contamination From Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients With Sepsis and How to Remove It – A Technical Report

Schenz, J., Obermaier, M., Uhle, S., Weigand, M. A., & Uhle, F. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.684119 · Cited by 17

Distinct Myocardial Mechanisms Underlie Cardiac Dysfunction in Endotoxemic Male and Female Mice

Hobai, I. A., Aziz, K., Buys, E. S., Brouckaert, P., Siwik, D. A., & Colucci, W. S. (2016) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000000679 · Cited by 17

Dual Functioned Pegylated Phospholipid Micelles Containing Cationic Antimicrobial Decapeptide for Treating Sepsis

Lee, W., Park, E. J., Min, G., Choi, J., Na, D. H., & Bae, J. (2017) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.20734 · Cited by 17

Temporal robustness of biomarker-based classification algorithms for sepsis

Rademaker, E., van Amstel, R. B. E., el Bouhaddani, S., Bonten, M. J. M., Derde, L. P. G., van Vught, L. A., van der Poll, T., Bos, L. D. J., de Grooth, H., & Cremer, O. L. (2025) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-025-08218-z · Cited by 18

Metabolic adaptations rewire CD4+ T cells in a subset-specific manner in human critical illness with and without sepsis

Stier, M. T., Sewell, A. E., Mwizerwa, E. L., Sim, C. Y., Tanner, S., Nichols, C. M., Durai, H. H., Jennings, E. Q., Lindau, P., Wilfong, E. M., et al. (2026) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-025-02390-6 · Cited by 21

ZnO-loaded DNA nanogels as neutrophil extracellular trap-like structures in the treatment of mouse peritonitis

Chen, Y., Chiou, Y., Chen, Y., Jiang, Y.-S., Lee, T.-Y., & Jan, J. (2021) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2021.112484 · Cited by 16

Machine learning approaches to the human metabolome in sepsis identify metabolic links with survival

Kosyakovsky, L. B., Somerset, E., Rogers, A. J., Sklar, M. C., Mayers, J. R., Toma, A., Szekely, Y., Soussi, S., Wang, B., Fan, C. S., et al. (2022) · Intensive Care Medicine Experimental · doi:10.1186/s40635-022-00445-8 · Cited by 16

Myeloid autophagy genes protect mice against fatal TNF- and LPS-induced cytokine storm syndromes

Wang, Y., Sansone, A., Smirnov, A., Stallings, C. L., & Orvedahl, A. (2022) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2022.2116675 · Cited by 16

Immunotherapy to treat sepsis induced-immunosuppression: Immune eligibility or outcome criteria, a systematic review

Borouchaki, A., de Roquetaillade, C., Barthélémy, R., Mebazaa, A., & Chousterman, B. G. (2022) · Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2022.154137 · Cited by 16

Simultaneous Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 and Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 Completely Protects Against Acute Inflammation and Sepsis

Steeland, S., Ryckeghem, S. V., Vandewalle, J., Ballegeer, M., Wonterghem, E. V., Eggermont, M., Decruyenaere, J. M. A., Bus, L. D., Libert, C., & Vandenbroucke, R. E. (2017) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000002813 · Cited by 17

Thymosin beta 4 regulation of actin in sepsis

Belsky, J., Rivers, E. P., Filbin, M. R., Lee, P. J., & Morris, D. C. (2018) · Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy · doi:10.1080/14712598.2018.1448381 · Cited by 16

Role of Immunoglobulin Therapy to Prevent and Treat Infections

Katragkou, A., Roilides, E., & Walsh, T. J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77674-3_17 · Cited by 16

Mortality Prediction in Sepsis With an Immune-Related Transcriptomics Signature: A Multi-Cohort Analysis

Kreitmann, L., Bodinier, M., Fleurie, A., Imhoff, K., Cazalis, M.-A., Peronnet, E., Cerrato, E., Tardiveau, C., Conti, F., Llitjos, J., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.930043 · Cited by 17

Impact of cancer on mortality rates in patients with sepsis: A meta-analysis and meta-regression of current studies

Xiang, M.-J., & Chen, G. (2022) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i21.7386 · Cited by 16

Effect of cytomegalovirus reactivation on the time course of systemic host response biomarkers in previously immunocompetent critically ill patients with sepsis: a matched cohort study

van de Groep, K., Nierkens, S., Cremer, O. L., Peelen, L. M., Klouwenberg, P. M. C. K., Schultz, M. J., Hack, C. E., van der Poll, T., Bonten, M. J. M., & Ong, D. S. Y. (2018) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-018-2261-0 · Cited by 16

Monophosphoryl Lipid a Attenuates Multiorgan Dysfunction During Post-Burn Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pneumonia in Sheep

Fukuda, S., Ihara, K., Bohannon, J. K., Hernandez, A., Patil, N. K., Luan, L., Stothers, C. L., Stark, R. J., Prough, D. S., Herndon, D. N., et al. (2019) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000001364 · Cited by 17

Natural Macrophage Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles as a Multifaceted Sepsis Therapeutic to Sequester Inflammatory and Toxic Mediators

Hoffman, A., Bjånes, E., Zhou, Z., Onanuga, A., Ngo, A. T. P., Hannah, S., Chavarria, N., Dahesh, S., Tran, B. T., Meier, A., et al. (2025) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.5c12658 · Cited by 19

Pathogen characteristics are key determinants of distinct host response phenotypes of sepsis

Chanderraj, R., Bartek, B., Stringer, K. A., Tiba, M. H., Sjoding, M. W., He, Y., Nuppnau, M., Bongers, K. S., Adame, M. D., Lou, S. S., et al. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci197346 · Cited by 16

Quantifying deep neural network uncertainty for atrial fibrillation detection with limited labels

Chen, B., Javadi, G., Hamilton, A., Sibley, S. R., Laird, P., Abolmaesumi, P., Maslove, D. M., & Mousavi, P. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24574-y · Cited by 19

MFG-E8 has guiding significance for the prognosis and treatment of sepsis

Wu, W., Wang, J., Chen, J., Lu, J., Lao, Y.-J., Huang, K., & Lin, J. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-25601-8 · Cited by 15

A pharmacoproteomic landscape of organotypic intervention responses in Gram-negative sepsis

Mohanty, T., Karlsson, C. A. Q., Chao, Y., Malmström, E., Bratanis, E., Grentzmann, A., Mørch, M., Nizet, V., Malmström, L., Linder, A., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39269-9 · Cited by 15

Causal association of circulating cytokines with sepsis: a Mendelian randomization study

Lin, S., Mao, X., & He, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281845 · Cited by 16

The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)-concentration-dependent association between anti-inflammatory capacity and sepsis: A single-center cross-sectional study

Chen, K.-L., Chou, R., Chang, C., Kuo, C., Wei, J.-H., Huang, P., & Lin, S. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0296863 · Cited by 15

Beyond body mass index: exploring the role of visceral adipose tissue in intensive care unit outcomes

Ralston, M. R., McCreath, G., Lees, Z. J., Salt, I. P., Sim, M. A. B., Watson, M. J., & Freeman, D. J. (2025) · BJA Open · doi:10.1016/j.bjao.2025.100391 · Cited by 16

Sepsis Diagnostics in the Era of “Omics” Technologies

Průcha, M., Zazula, R., & Rußwurm, S. (2018) · Prague Medical Report · doi:10.14712/23362936.2018.2 · Cited by 15

The treatment of melioidosis: is there a role for repurposed drugs? A proposal and review

Laws, T. R., Taylor, A. W., Russell, P., & Williamson, D. E. (2019) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1080/14787210.2018.1496330 · Cited by 15

Anti-inflammatory effects of benzenediamine derivate FC-98 on sepsis injury in mice via suppression of JNK, NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways

Song, Y., Liu, X., Yue, H., Ji, J., Dou, H., & Hou, Y. (2015) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.005 · Cited by 15

Understanding the Global Burden of Pediatric Sepsis

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Highly secreted tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase 1 as a potential theranostic target for hypercytokinemic severe sepsis

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Efficacy and Safety of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Preclinical Models of Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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Molecular mechanisms of Sepsis attacking the immune system and solid organs

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Recent Developments in Severe Sepsis Research: From Bench to Bedside and Back

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TIM-3 Genetic Variants Are Associated with Altered Clinical Outcome and Susceptibility to Gram-Positive Infections in Patients with Sepsis

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Immune suppression is associated with enhanced systemic inflammatory, endothelial and procoagulant responses in critically ill patients

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Increased Dicarbonyl Stress as a Novel Mechanism of Multi-Organ Failure in Critical Illness

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The relative resistance of children to sepsis mortality: from pathways to drug candidates

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Lipopolysaccharide Cross-Tolerance Delays Platelet-Activating Factor-Induced Sudden Death in Swiss Albino Mice: Involvement of Cyclooxygenase in Cross-Tolerance

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Causal inference can lead us to modifiable mechanisms and informative archetypes in sepsis

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Lactate inhibits T-cell activation in sepsis through CD40LG downregulation and SOCS3-mediated JAK1/STAT3 pathway suppression

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HDL Cholesterol: A “Pathogen Lipid Sink” for Sepsis?

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Impaired antigen‐specific lymphocyte priming in mice after Toll‐like receptor 4 activation via induction of monocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells

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Erythropoietin mediates re-programming of endotoxin-tolerant macrophages through PI3K/AKT signaling and protects mice against secondary infection

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Distinct host-response signatures in circulatory shock: a narrative review

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The failure of clinical trials in sepsis: Challenges of clinical trial design

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Sepsis research: where have we gone wrong?

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