Maternal exercise intervention in obese pregnancy improves the cardiovascular health of the adult male offspring
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Obesity during pregnancy is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease in the offspring. With increased numbers of women entering pregnancy overweight or obese, there is a requirement for targeted interventions to reduce disease risk in future generations. Using an established murine model of maternal obesity during pregnancy, we investigated if a treadmill exercise intervention in the mother could improve offspring cardiac health and explored potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS: A 20-minute treadmill exercise intervention protocol was performed 5 days a week in diet-induced obese female C57BL/6 mice 1 week prior to, and up to E17 of pregnancy. All male offspring were weaned onto a control diet and studied at 8 weeks of age when their cardiovascular physiology was assessed by in vivo echocardiography and non-invasive tail cuff plethysmography. Cardiomyocyte cell area, re-expression of fetal genes and the expression of calcium handling and sympathetic activation proteins were determined. RESULTS: At 8 weeks, there was no difference in bodyweight or fat mass between groups. Offspring of obese dams developed pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension and cardiac dysfunction characterized by reduced ejection fraction (p < 0.001). Maternal exercise prevented cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction but failed to prevent hypertension. These offspring of exercised dams also had enhanced (p < 0.001) levels of calcium handling proteins and a sympathetic-activated inotropic response. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise in obese pregnancy was beneficial to offspring cardiac function and structure but did not influence hypertension suggesting they are programmed by separate mechanistic pathways. These data suggest combination interventions in obese pregnancies will be required to improve all aspects of the cardiovascular health of the next generation.
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The attenuation of maternal obesity-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction by maternal exercise was related to increased expression of troponin, tropomyosin and SERCA2 that are involved in calcium transport and sympathetic-activated inotropic responses.
“This was related to the increased expression of troponin, tropomyosin and SERCA2 that are involved in calcium transport and sympathetic-activated inotropic responses.”
From Recent Experimental Studies of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes during Pregnancy and the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [137]
Maternal exercise attenuated maternal obesity-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
“In addition, maternal exercise attenuated maternal obesity-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction.”
From Recent Experimental Studies of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes during Pregnancy and the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [137]
In the offspring of obese dams, a 5 day/week 20 min treadmill exercise intervention prevented maternal obesity-induced cardiomyocyte size in 8-week-old offspring.
“In the offspring of obese dams, a 5 day/week 20 min treadmill exercise intervention prevented maternal obesity-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte size in 8-week-old offspring [137].”
From Recent Experimental Studies of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes during Pregnancy and the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [137]
In the offspring of obese dams, a 5 day/week 20 min treadmill exercise intervention prevented maternal obesity-induced cardiac hypertrophy in 8-week-old offspring.
“In the offspring of obese dams, a 5 day/week 20 min treadmill exercise intervention prevented maternal obesity-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte size in 8-week-old offspring [137].”
From Recent Experimental Studies of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes during Pregnancy and the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [137]
The maternal exercise intervention did not prevent hypertension in the offspring.
“The maternal exercise intervention, however, did not prevent hypertension in the offspring.”
From Recent Experimental Studies of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes during Pregnancy and the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [137]
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- Authors
- Beeson, J. H., Blackmore, H. L., Carr, S. K., Dearden, L., Duque-Guimarães, D. E., Kusinski, L. C., Pantaleão, L. C., Pinnock, A. G., Aiken, C. E., Giussani, D. A., Fernandez-Twinn, D. S., & Ozanne, S. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Beeson, Jessica H.
- Blackmore, Heather L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-10
- Volume
- 16
- Pages
- 35-44
- ISSN
- 2212-8778 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6157615
- OpenAlex
- W2809354242
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 7.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Apollo (cc-by)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation (PG/13/46/30329, RG/17/12/33167)
- European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)
- project EarlyNutrition (289346)
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit (MC_UU_12012/4)
- British Heart Foundation Studentship (FS/14/59/31282, 106026/Z/14/Z)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- maternal obesity, pregnancy, maternal physical activity, treadmill exercise, offspring cardiovascular health, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction, hypertension, fetal programming, calcium handling, sympathetic activation, cardiomyocyte size, diet-induced obesity, echocardiography
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Composition, Body Weight, Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Diet, Exercise Therapy, Physical Exertion, Female, Lactation, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Care, Weaning, Adiposity, Overweight, Mice
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