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Cited by 69Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Skin capillary density and microvascular reactivity in obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome

Francischetti, Emilio A., Tibirica, Eduardo, da Silva, Elizabete Goes, Rodrigues, Elba, Celoria, Bruno M., de Abreu, Virginia Genelhu·2011·Microvascular Research
DOI 10.1016/j.mvr.2011.01.002
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Abstract

Obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that microvascular function may be impaired in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome (OB-MetSnd) compared to obese subjects without MetSnd (OB) and healthy subjects (HS). In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated skin capillary density (SCD) in OB-MetSnd (n=20, 12 women, BMI=36.5±1.1kg/m(2)), OB (n=25, 16 women, BMI=34.5±0.7kg/m(2)), and HS (n=30, 22 women, BMI=22.8±0.3kg/m(2)) groups. SCD was evaluated by intravital video-microscopy at rest and after post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) and venous congestion (VC). OB-MetSnd subjects exhibited significant differences in the values of MetSnd components and in leptin and HOMA-IR levels compared to OB and HS individuals. There were no differences in SCD among groups in resting conditions. The OB-MetSnd group failed to show a significant increase in the number of recruited capillaries during PORH and VC compared to the SCD evaluated at rest. A negative correlation of SCD with waist circumference, BMI, blood pressure, and HOMA-IR was observed after PORH and VC. When obese subjects were analyzed according to their HOMA-IR quartiles, a significant decrease in SCD was observed during POHR (P=0.02). Our findings showed that obese subjects have structural and functional alterations in skin microcirculation that are proportional to the increase in the degree of global and central obesity. In addition, in OB-MetSnd subjects, the cutaneous capillaries at rest are already maximally recruited, indicating an absence of functional capillary reserve. This may be related to the insulin resistance observed in OB-MetSnd individuals.

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  • Publications that experimentally and explicitly demonstrate the effect of obesity or BMI on the PPG waveform are limited.

    “While, to the authors’ knowledge, publications that experimentally and explicitly demonstrate the effect of obesity or BMI on the PPG waveform are limited, we will explore works which suggest that there would be a substantial effect [56,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70].”

    From Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring (2021) · cites this paper as [62]

  • The majority of findings find that dermal capillary density does negatively correlate on average with increasing BMI.

    “In adults, while some studies show that at rest there is no significant change in dermal capillary density, the majority of findings find that dermal capillary density does negatively correlate on average with increasing BMI [62,63,64,65].”

    From Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring (2021) · cites this paper as [62]

  • The effect of obesity on dermal capillary density could lead to a decrease in the dominant 'DC' component of a PPG waveform due to the increased blood volume of the obese.

    “This effect of obesity could lead to a decrease in the dominant “DC” component of a PPG waveform due to the increased blood volume of the obese [61,62,63,64].”

    From Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring (2021) · cites this paper as [62]

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Authors
Francischetti, E. A., Tibirica, E., da Silva, E. G., Rodrigues, E., Celoria, B. M., & de Abreu, V. G.
Affiliations
  • Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (BR)
  • Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
Venue
Microvascular Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-05
Volume
81
Issue
3
Pages
325-330
ISSN
0026-2862 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.mvr.2011.01.002
OpenAlex
W1999347354
Cited by
69
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
FWCI
14.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Microvascular Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Arca - Repositório Institucional da Fiocruz (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
metabolic syndrome, obesity, microvascular function, post-occlusive reactive hyperemia, venous congestion, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, leptin, capillary recruitment, abdominal obesity, skin microcirculation
MeSH terms
Adult, Blood Pressure, Capillaries, Female, Humans, Hyperemia, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Microcirculation, Obesity, Skin, Body Mass Index, Microscopic Angioscopy, Leptin, Metabolic Syndrome, Waist Circumference

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