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Cited by 18Circadian rhythm and melatoninAttention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderSleep and related disorders

Increased urinary 6-hydroxymelatoninsulfate levels in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosed children and adolescent

Büber, Ahmet, Çakaloz, Burcu, Işıldar, Yetiş, Ünlü, Gülşen, Bostancı, Hayrani Eren, Aybek, Hülya, Herken, Hasan·2016·Neuroscience Letters
DOI 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.016
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Abstract

There are some studies in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which note altered circadian rhythms, suggesting abnormalities in melatonin physiology. In order to better characterize the possible melatonin alteration in ADHD, in this study we aimed to detect daytime, nighttime and 24 h levels of 6-hydroxymelatoninsulfate (6-OH MS) in the patients diagnosed with ADHD. Twenty-seven patients between 6 and 16 years-old, who had been diagnosed initially with ADHD, but without other physical and psychiatric disease history and who had not taken psychotropic pharmacotherapy for six months, plus 28 healthy volunteer controls, were included in the study. Urine samples were collected during the whole 24 h cycle, daytime and nighttime separately to assess the time-dependent excretion of the 6-OH MS, which is the main urine metabolite of melatonin. The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method was used for measuring the urine 6-OH MS level. Daytime (15.4 (8.9-24.8) ng/ml vs 6.9 (2.5-15.9) ng/ml, p=0.002), nighttime (102.9 (65.3-197.7) ng/ml vs 61.5 (37.2-114.4) ng/ml, p=0.012) and 24 h (54.1 (34.6-83.9) ng/ml vs 27.3 (14.3-48.9) ng/ml, p=0.000) 6-OH MS levels median (25p-75p) were found to be significantly higher in the ADHD group. After adjustment for age and sex, there was a statistically significant difference between the ADHD group (59.8 ± 4.9) and control group (33.8 ± 4.8) in 24-h 6-OH MS levels (F(1, 51)=13.673, p=.001, partial η2=.211). There was no relationship between 6-OH MS levels and Conners Parent Rating Scale short form subscale scores for the ADHD group. These findings indicate that melatonin production is increased in ADHD cases. Further research is needed to determine and thereby understand the mechanisms underlying the higher melatonin production, to assess the impact of altered melatonin on the pathophysiology of ADHD.

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Authors
Büber, A., Çakaloz, B., Işıldar, Y., Ünlü, G., Bostancı, H. E., Aybek, H., & Herken, H.
Affiliations
  • Pamukkale University (TR)
  • Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesi (TR)
  • Dr Sami Ulus Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (TR)
  • Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi (TR)
Corresponding author
Büber, Ahmet
ORCID
Venue
Neuroscience Letters
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-03
Volume
617
Pages
195-200
ISSN
0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.016
OpenAlex
W2253635653
Cited by
18
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1
FWCI
0.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Pamukkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (TPF007)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, melatonin metabolism, urinary biomarkers, melatonin synthesis, circadian rhythm, children and adolescents, 24-hour urine collection, Conners' Parent Rating Scale, ADHD symptom severity, sleep-wake cycle, neuroendocrine dysfunction, neurodevelopmental disorders, autism spectrum disorder
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin, Case-Control Studies

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