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Early life linguistic ability, late life cognitive function, and neuropathology: findings from the Nun Study
Abstract
The relationships between early life variables, cognitive function, and neuropathology were examined in participants in the Nun Study who were between the ages of 75 and 95. Our early life variable was idea density, which is a measure of linguistic ability, derived from autobiographies written at a mean age of 22 years. Six discrete categories of cognitive function, including mild cognitive impairments, were evaluated, using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) battery of cognitive tests. Neuropathologic data included Braak staging, neurofibrillary tangle and senile plaque counts, brain weight, degree of cerebral atrophy, severity of atherosclerosis, and the presence of brain infarcts. Early-life idea density was significantly related to the categories of late-life cognitive function, including mild cognitive impairments: low idea density was associated with greater impairment. Low idea density also was significantly associated with lower brain weight, higher degree of cerebral atrophy, more severe neurofibrillary pathology, and the likelihood of meeting neuropathologic criteria for Alzheimer's disease.
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“several studies have revealed the existence of aged individuals harboring a high burden of brain lesions at autopsy while remaining cognitively intact, indicating resilience to AD pathology [3, 7, 21, 22, 56, 57, 68, 76, 78, 96].”
From Enhanced microglial dynamics and a paucity of tau seeding in the amyloid plaque microenvironment contribute to cognitive resilience in Alzheimer’s disease (2024) · cites this paper as [78]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Riley, K. P., Snowdon, D. A., Desrosiers, M. F., & Markesbery, W. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Corresponding author
- Riley, Kathryn P.
- ORCID
- Snowdon, David A.
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Aging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 341-347
- ISSN
- 0197-4580 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1980794267
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG009862)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- idea density, late-life cognitive function, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease pathology, neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid plaques, Braak staging, brain atrophy, brain weight, atherosclerosis, cerebral infarction, Nun Study
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Autopsy, Brain, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Language Development, Linguistics, Longitudinal Studies, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Vocabulary, Writing, Neurofibrillary Tangles
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