P2X7 receptor is critical in α-synuclein–mediated microglial NADPH oxidase activation
Abstract
Activated microglia are commonly observed in individuals with neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and are believed to contribute to neuronal death. This process occurs at least due partially to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (PHOX) activation, which leads to the production of superoxide and oxidative stress. α-Synuclein (α-Syn), a key protein implicated in PD pathogenesis, can activate microglia, contributing to death of dopaminergic neurons. Here, microglial cells (BV2) and primary cultured microglia were used to study the role that the purinergic receptor P2X7 plays in recognizing α-Syn and promoting PHOX activation. We demonstrate that both wild type and A53T mutant α-Syn readily activate PHOX, with the A53T form producing more rapid and sustained effects,that is, oxidative stress and cellular injuries. Furthermore, this process involves the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B) pathway. Thus, it is concluded that stimulation of the microglial P2X7 receptor by extracellular α-Syn, with PI3K/AKT activation and increased oxidative stress, could be an important mechanism and a potential therapeutic target for PD.
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α-synuclein induces mitochondrial dysfunction and microglial activation caused by P2X7 receptor stimulation.
“Although these symptoms might not be disease-related, studies show that α-synuclein induces mitochondrial dysfunction and microglial activation caused by P2X7 receptor stimulation [143, 144].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [144]
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- Authors
- Jiang, T., Hoekstra, J., Heng, X., Kang, W., Ding, J., Liu, J., Chen, S., & Zhang, J.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Shengdi
- Zhang, Jing
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Aging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-07
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2304-2318
- ISSN
- 0197-4580 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984436706
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 5.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation (81129018, 81430022, 81371407, 91332107)
- National Institutes of Health (ES016873, ES019277)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Keywords
- P2X7 receptor, alpha-synuclein, microglia, NADPH oxidase activation, Parkinson's disease, oxidative stress, PI3K/Akt signaling, superoxide, dopaminergic neuron death, purinergic signaling
- MeSH terms
- NADPH Oxidase 2, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Activation, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mutation, Parkinson Disease, Signal Transduction, Cell Death, Microglia, Oxidative Stress, NADPH Oxidases, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, alpha-Synuclein, Receptors, Purinergic P2X7, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Dopaminergic Neurons
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