Cited by 212Memory and Neural MechanismsNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory Processes and Influences

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Noradrenaline mediates amygdala activation in men and women during encoding of emotional material

Abstract

The amygdala is a pivotal structure in humans for encoding of emotional information, as shown by recent imaging studies. It is unknown which neurotransmitters are specifically involved in the human amygdala, although in animal studies noradrenaline was shown to be essential. In our study, participants received the betablocker propranolol (which blocks the noradrenergic response) or placebo when watching neutral to highly negative arousing pictures. Amygdala activation, monitored with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), increased with emotional intensity of the pictures under placebo condition. Betablockade selectively decreased amygdala activation for emotional pictures of the second highest category, but not for the highest or lower (neutral) category pictures. Two findings add to the existing knowledge in this area. First, the activation pattern in the amygdala under placebo condition shows a nonlinearity related to the emotional categories of the pictures. Second, propranolol disturbs this activation pattern in the amygdala. Explorations with respect to gender show a similar effect of betablockade on amygdala activation in both men and women, but a difference in its effect on long-term memory for emotional pictures. This study supports the hypothesis that the neurotransmitter noradrenaline also mediates amygdala activity in humans when processing emotional stimuli and that betablockers can disrupt the normal activation pattern in the amygdala.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.011

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  1. Suarez, 2004, Ethnicity, gender, and age effects on adrenoceptors and physiological responses to emotional stress, Null, 41, 450

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Metadata

Authors
van Stegeren, A. H., Goekoop, R., Everaerd, W., Scheltens, P., Barkhof, F., Kuijer, J. P. A., & Rombouts, S. A. R. B.
Affiliations
  • Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
  • University of Amsterdam (NL)
Venue
NeuroImage
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-02
Volume
24
Issue
3
Pages
898-909
ISSN
1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2020947884
Cited by
212
References
73
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 18
FWCI
6.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords
norepinephrine, amygdala activation, propranolol, beta-adrenergic blockade, emotional intensity, sex differences, emotional arousal
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Adult, Amygdala, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Norepinephrine, Propranolol, Sex Characteristics

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