Top-down and bottom-up processes in speech comprehension
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Speech comprehension includes both bottom-up and top-down processes, and imaging studies have isolated a frontal-temporal network of brain areas active during speech perception. However, the precise role of the various areas in this network during normal speech comprehension is not yet fully understood. In the present fMRI study, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of spoken sentences was varied in 144 steps, and speech intelligibility was measured independently in order to study in detail its effect on the activation of brain areas involved in speech perception. Relative to noise alone, intelligible speech in noise evoked spatially extended activation in left frontal, bilateral temporal, and medial occipital brain regions. Increasing SNR led to a sigmoid-shaped increase of activation in all areas of the frontal-temporal network. The onset of the activation with respect to SNR was similar in temporal and frontal regions, but frontal activation was found to be smaller than temporal activation at the highest SNRs. Finally, only Broca's area (BA44) showed activation to unintelligible speech presented at low SNRs. These findings demonstrate distinct roles of frontal and temporal areas in speech comprehension in that temporal regions subserve bottom-up processing of speech, whereas frontal areas are more involved in top-down supplementary mechanisms.
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Inferior frontal or premotor activations during auditory speech processing are the consequence of top-down supplementary mechanisms that constrain bottom-up speech processing in temporal regions, particularly when speech is unfamiliar or ambiguous.
“Altogether, there was a growing perspective that inferior frontal or premotor activations during auditory speech processing were the consequence of top-down supplementary mechanisms that constrain bottom up speech processing in temporal regions (Zekveld et al., 2006), particularly when speech is unfamiliar or ambiguous (Dehaene-Lambertz et al., 2005).”
From A review and synthesis of the first 20years of PET and fMRI studies of heard speech, spoken language and reading (2012) · cites this paper as Zekveld et al., 2006
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- Authors
- Zekveld, A. A., Heslenfeld, D. J., Festen, J. M., & Schoonhoven, R.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Gemeente Amsterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Heslenfeld, Dirk J.
- ORCID
- Zekveld, Adriana A.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-10
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1826-1836
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2154559168
- Cited by
- 203
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 3.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Keywords
- speech understanding, speech perception, bottom-up processing, top-down processing, signal-to-noise ratio, speech intelligibility, Broca's area, left temporal cortex, left frontal cortex, medial occipital cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Occipital Lobe, Oxygen, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Speech Perception, Temporal Lobe, Recognition, Psychology
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