The role of serotonin in the neurocircuitry of negative affective bias: serotonergic modulation of the dorsal medial prefrontal-amygdala aversive amplification circuit
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Serotonergic medications can mitigate the negative affective biases in disorders such as depression or anxiety, but the neural mechanism by which this occurs is largely unknown. In line with recent advances demonstrating that negative affective biases may be driven by specific medial prefrontal-amygdala circuitry, we asked whether serotonin manipulation can alter affective processing within a key dorsal medial prefrontal-amygdala circuit: the putative human homologue of the rodent prelimbic-amygdala circuit or 'aversive amplification' circuit. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover pharmaco-fMRI design, subjects (N=19) performed a forced-choice face identification task with word distractors in an fMRI scanner over two separate sessions. On one session subjects received dietary depletion of the serotonin precursor tryptophan while on the other session they received a balanced placebo control diet. Results showed that dorsal medial prefrontal responding was elevated in response to fearful relative to happy faces under depletion but not placebo. This negative bias under depletion was accompanied by a corresponding increase in positive dorsal medial prefrontal-amygdala functional connectivity. We therefore conclude that serotonin depletion engages a prefrontal-amygdala circuit during the processing of fearful relative to happy face stimuli. This same 'aversive amplification' circuit is also engaged during anxiety induced by shock anticipation. As such, serotonergic projections may inhibit engagement of the 'aversive amplification' circuit and dysfunction in this projection may contribute to the negative affective bias in mood and anxiety disorders. These findings thus provide a promising explanation for the role of serotonin and serotonergic medications in the neurocircuitry of negative affective bias.
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Lowering brain serotonin using acute tryptophan depletion leads to an increased negative affective bias as a result of a change in the connectivity between mPFC and amygdala, which has been associated with the risk of depression.
“Lowering brain serotonin using acute tryptophan depletion leads to an increased negative affective bias as a result of a change in the connectivity between mPFC and amygdala (Robinson et al., 2013), which has been associated with the risk of depression (Roiser et al., 2012).”
From Social functioning in major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Robinson et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Robinson, O. J., Overstreet, C., Allen, P. S., Letkiewicz, A., Vytal, K., Pine, D. S., & Grillon, C.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Robinson, Oliver J.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 78
- Pages
- 217-223
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3677215
- OpenAlex
- W1976863244
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 3.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Mental Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- serotonin, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, tryptophan depletion, anxiety, depression, serotonergic medications
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Affective Symptoms, Amygdala, Anxiety, Depression, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Serotonin, Tryptophan, Bias, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Prefrontal Cortex, Cross-Over Studies
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