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Cited by 6Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsMotor Control and AdaptationNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Impaired context-sensitive adjustment of behaviour in Parkinson’s disease patients tested on and off medication: an fMRI study

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Trempler, Ima, Bürkner, Paul-Christian, El-Sourani, Nadiya, Binder, Ellen, Reker, Paul, Fink, Gereon R., Schubotz, Ricarda I.·2020·NeuroImage
DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116674
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Abstract

The brain's sensitivity to and accentuation of unpredicted over predicted sensory signals plays a fundamental role in learning. According to recent theoretical models of the predictive coding framework, dopamine is responsible for balancing the interplay between bottom-up input and top-down predictions by controlling the precision of surprise signals that guide learning. Using functional MRI, we investigated whether patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) show impaired learning from prediction errors requiring either adaptation or stabilisation of current predictions. Moreover, we were interested in whether deficits in learning over a specific time scale would be accompanied by altered surprise responses in dopamine-related brain structures. To this end, twenty-one PD patients tested on and off dopaminergic medication and twenty-one healthy controls performed a digit prediction paradigm. During the task, violations of sequence-based predictions either signalled the need to update or to stabilise the current prediction and, thus, to react to them or ignore them, respectively. To investigate contextual adaptation to prediction errors, the probability (or its inverse, surprise) of the violations fluctuated across the experiment. When the probability of prediction errors over a specific time scale increased, healthy controls but not PD patients off medication became more flexible, i.e., error rates at violations requiring a motor response decreased in controls but increased in patients. On the neural level, this learning deficit in patients was accompanied by reduced signalling in the substantia nigra and the caudate nucleus. In contrast, differences between the groups regarding the probabilistic modulation of behaviour and neural responses were much less pronounced at prediction errors requiring only stabilisation but no adaptation. Interestingly, dopaminergic medication could neither improve learning from prediction errors nor restore the physiological, neurotypical pattern. Our findings point to a pivotal role of dysfunctions of the substantia nigra and caudate nucleus in deficits in learning from flexibility-demanding prediction errors in PD. Moreover, the data witness poor effects of dopaminergic medication on learning in PD.

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  • In healthy controls, activity of the right substantia nigra and caudate correlated positively with surprises, whereas this finding was not confirmed in off-medication patients with Parkinson's disease.

    “In HC, the activity of the right substantia nigra and caudate correlated positively with surprises, whereas this finding was not confirmed in off-medication patients with Parkinson ' s disease (Trempler et al., 2020).”

    From Predictive coding in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic transdiagnostic review. (2025) · cites this paper as Trempler et al., 2020

    The paper reports that right substantia nigra activity correlated positively with switch surprise in healthy controls but not in patients off medication. For the caudate, however, the reported control-only increase was with switch probability, not switch surprise. Caudate activity increased with drift surprise, but the paper reports no clear difference from off-medication patients for that effect (Discussion; page unavailable). (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Introduction of dopaminergic medications does not restore learning from predictive errors in Parkinson's disease.

    “Even the introduction of dopaminergic medications does not restore learning from predictive errors (Trempler et al., 2020).”

    From Predictive coding in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic transdiagnostic review. (2025) · cites this paper as Trempler et al., 2020

  • People with Parkinson's disease showed reduced probabilistic learning.

    “reduced probabilistic learning, and failure to adapt to high-probability conditions (Trempler et al., 2020).”

    From Predictive coding in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic transdiagnostic review. (2025) · cites this paper as Trempler et al., 2020

  • People with Parkinson's disease showed failure to adapt to high-probability conditions.

    “reduced probabilistic learning, and failure to adapt to high-probability conditions (Trempler et al., 2020).”

    From Predictive coding in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic transdiagnostic review. (2025) · cites this paper as Trempler et al., 2020

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  1. Bernardo, J.M., Smith, A.F., 2009. Bayesian Theory, vol.405.
  2. Cooper, H., Hedges, L.V., Valentine, J.C. (Eds.), 2009. The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis. Russell Sage Foundation.
  3. Murty, V.P., Sambataro, F., Radulescu, E., Altamura, M., Iudicello, J., Zoltick, B., et al., 2011. Selective updating of working memory content modulates meso-cortico-striatal activity. Neuroimage 57 (3), 1264-1272.
  4. Vehtari, A., Gelman, A., Gabry, J., 2017. Practical Bayesian model evaluation using leave- one-out cross-validation and waic. Stat. Comput. 27 (5), 1413-1432.

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Authors
Trempler, I., Bürkner, P.-C., El-Sourani, N., Binder, E., Reker, P., Fink, G. R., & Schubotz, R. I.
Affiliations
  • University of Münster (DE)
  • Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
  • University of Cologne (DE)
Corresponding author
Trempler, Ima
ORCID
Venue
NeuroImage
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-05
Volume
212
Pages
116674
ISSN
1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116674
OpenAlex
W3007169004
Cited by
6
References
98
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2
FWCI
0.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • NeuroImage (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHU 1439/5-2, KFO219)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
Parkinson's disease, predictive coding, prediction error, surprise, dopamine, dopaminergic therapy, contextual adaptation, learning flexibility, substantia nigra, caudate nucleus, probabilistic learning
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Aged, Antiparkinson Agents, Brain, Female, Humans, Learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease

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