Modulation of the brain's core-self network by self-appraisal processes
Open accessAbstract
The 'core' regions of the default mode network (DMN) - the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and inferior parietal lobules (IPL) - show consistent engagement across mental states that involve self-oriented processing. Precisely how these regions interact in support of such processes remains an important unanswered question. In the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we examined dynamic interactions of the 'core-self' DMN regions during two forms of self-referential cognition: direct self-appraisal (thinking about oneself) and reflected self-appraisal (thinking about oneself from a third-person perspective). One-hundred and eleven participants completed our dual self-appraisal task during fMRI, and general linear models were used to characterize common and distinct neural responses to these conditions. Informed by these results, we then applied dynamic causal modelling to examine causal interactions among the 'core-self' regions, and how they were specifically modulated under the influence of direct and reflected self-appraisal. As a primary observation, this network modelling revealed a distinct inhibitory influence of the left IPL on the PCC during reflected compared to direct self-appraisal, which was accompanied by evidence of greater activation in both regions during the reflected self-appraisal condition. We suggest that the greater engagement of posterior DMN regions during reflected self-appraisal is a function of the higher-order processing needed for this form of self-appraisal, with the left IPL supporting abstract self-related processes including episodic memory retrieval and shifts of perspective. Overall, we show that core DMN regions interact in functionally unique ways in support of self-referential processes, even when these processes are inter-related. Further characterization of DMN functional interactions across self-related mental states is likely to inform a deeper understanding of how this brain network orchestrates the self.
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The mPFC is more specifically engaged by demands for cognitive elaboration, evaluation, and emotion reappraisal.
“In contrast, the mPFC is more specifically engaged by demands for cognitive elaboration, evaluation, and emotion reappraisal, 39”
From 20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis. (2023) · cites this paper as [39]
The Introduction (page unavailable) links the MPFC to cognitive elaboration, and the Discussion (page unavailable) describes information relayed to it for inferential and evaluative processing. The paper examines self-appraisal, however, and does not support the additional claim about emotion reappraisal. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Delahoy, R., Davey, C. G., Jamieson, A. J., Finlayson-Short, L., Savage, H. S., Steward, T., & Harrison, B. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Harrison, Ben J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-05
- Volume
- 251
- Pages
- 118980
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4210867118
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 2.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
- National Health and Medical Research Council (1161897, 1061757, 1124472)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Keywords
- default mode network, self-assessment, self-referential processing, posterior cingulate cortex, inferior parietal lobule, medial prefrontal cortex, dynamic causal modeling, functional interactions, perspective taking, episodic memory retrieval
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nerve Net, Diagnostic Self Evaluation, Memory, Episodic
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