Consistency and functional specialization in the default mode brain network
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The notion of a “default mode of brain function” has taken on certain relevance in human neuroimaging studies and in relation to a network of lateral parietal and midline cortical regions that show prominent activity fluctuations during passive imaging states, such as rest. In this study, we perform three fMRI experiments that demonstrate consistency and specialization in the default mode network. Correlated activity fluctuations of default mode network regions are identified during ( i ) eyes-closed spontaneous rest, ( ii ) activation by moral dilemma, and ( iii ) deactivation by Stroop task performance. Across these imaging states, striking uniformity is shown in the basic anatomy of the default mode network, but with both tasks clearly and differentially modulating this activity compared with spontaneous fluctuations of the network at rest. Against rest, moral dilemma is further shown to evoke regionally specific activity increases of hypothesized functional relevance. Mapping spontaneous and task-related brain activity will help to constrain the meaning of the default mode network. These findings are discussed in relation to recent debate on the topic of default modes of brain function.
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Functional deactivations may be as equally informative for understanding the neural substrates of complex mental activities, including emotion processing, as activations.
“As is now broadly recognized in the neuroimaging field, functional deactivations may be as equally informative for understanding the neural substrates of complex mental activities, [8][9][10] including emotion processing.8,11,12”
From Neural signatures of human fear conditioning: an updated and extended meta-analysis of fMRI studies (2016) · cites this paper as [9]
The vmPFC and PCC are recognized as a characteristic functional signature of the human default mode network, a large-scale brain system that exhibits consistent functional decreases in activity in fMRI studies when goal-directed task performance is compared with low task demand such as passive resting states.
“vmPFC and PCC, in particular, has become recognized as a characteristic functional signature of the human 'default mode network'-a large-scale brain system that exhibits consistent functional decreases in activity in fMRI studies when conditions of goal-directed task performance are compared with conditions of low task demand, such as passive resting states.8,9”
From Neural signatures of human fear conditioning: an updated and extended meta-analysis of fMRI studies (2016) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Harrison, B. J., Pujol, J., López-Solà, M., Hernández-Ribas, R., Deus, J., Ortiz, H., Soriano-Mas, C., Yücel, M., Pantelis, C., & Cardoner, N.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- *Institut d'Alta Tecnologia-Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, CRC Corporació Sanitària, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (ES)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2008-07-15
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 28
- Pages
- 9781-9786
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2474491
- OpenAlex
- W2156395637
- Cited by
- 363
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 10.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ramaciotti Foundations
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council (350241, 400420)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- default mode network, spontaneous brain activity, resting state, ethical dilemmas, Stroop task, deactivation, functional specialization, network consistency, parietal cortex
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mental Processes, Morals, Neural Pathways, Rest, Task Performance and Analysis
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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