Anti-Neuroinflammatory, Protective Effects of the Synthetic Microneurotrophin BNN-20 in the Advanced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration of “Weaver” Mice
Abstract
BNN-20 is a synthetic microneurotrophin, long-term (P1-P21) administration of which exerts potent neuroprotective effect on the "weaver" mouse, a genetic model of progressive, nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration. The present study complements and expands our previous work, providing evidence that BNN-20 fully protects the dopaminergic neurons even when administration begins at a late stage of dopaminergic degeneration (>40%). Since neuroinflammation plays a critical role in Parkinson's disease, we investigated the possible anti-neuroinflammatory mechanisms underlying the pharmacological action of BNN-20. The latter was shown to be microglia-mediated, at least in part. Indeed, BNN-20 induced a partial, but significant, reversal of microglia hyperactivation, observed in the untreated "weaver" mouse. Furthermore, it induced a shift in microglia polarization towards the neuroprotective M2 phenotype, suggesting a possible beneficial shifting of microglia activity. This observation was further supported by morphometric measurements. Moreover, BDNF levels, which were severely reduced in the "weaver" mouse midbrain, were restored to normal even after short-term BNN-20 administration. Experiments in "weaver"/NGL (dual GFP/luciferase-NF-κВ reporter) mice using bioluminescence after a short BNN-20 treatment (P60-P74), have shown that the increase of BDNF production was specifically mediated through the TrkB-PI3K-Akt-NF-κB signaling pathway. Interestingly, long-term BNN-20 treatment (P14-P60) significantly increased dopamine levels in the "weaver" striatum, which seems to be associated with the improved motor activity observed in the treated mutant animals. In conclusion, our findings suggest that BNN-20 may serve as a lead molecule for new therapeutic compounds for Parkinson's disease, combining strong anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective properties, leading to elevated dopamine levels and improved motor activity.
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BDNF may modulate the neuroinflammatory response through the m-BDNF-TrkB pathway, in addition to maintaining neuronal survival.
“BDNF may modulate the neuroinflammatory response through the m-BDNF-tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) pathway, in addition to its role in maintaining neuronal survival [33,34,35].”
From Neuroprotective Effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1067 in MPTP-Induced Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Panagiotakopoulou, V., Botsakis, K., Delis, F., Mourtzi, T., Tzatzarakis, M. N., Dimopoulou, A., Poulia, N., Antoniou, K., Stathopoulos, G. T., Matsokis, N., Charalampopoulos, I., Gravanis, A., & Angelatou, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Patras (GR)
- University of Ioannina (GR)
- University of Crete (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Angelatou, Fevronia
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 165
- Pages
- 107919
- ISSN
- 0028-3908 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2997564493
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Thales Group
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Keywords
- weaver mouse, dopaminergic neuron loss, Parkinson's disease, neuroinflammation, microglial polarization, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, dopamine levels, striatum, motor activity, neuroprotection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Disease Models, Animal, Encephalitis, Female, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Neurologic Mutants, Parkinson Disease, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Microglia, Neuroprotective Agents, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Receptor, trkB, Dopaminergic Neurons, Pars Compacta
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