NF‐κB‐dependent regulation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in hippocampal neurons by X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein
Abstract
X chromosome‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is an anti‐apoptotic protein enhancing cell survival. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) also promotes neuronal viability but the links between XIAP and BDNF have remained unclear. We show here that the overexpression of XIAP increases BDNF in transgenic mice and cultured rat hippocampal neurons, whereas downregulation of XIAP by silencing RNA decreased BDNF. XIAP also stimulated BDNF signaling, as shown by increased phosphorylation of the TrkB receptor and the downstream molecule, cAMP response element‐binding protein. The mechanism involved nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation and blocking of NF‐κB signaling inhibited the increased activities of BDNF promoters I and IV by XIAP. In neuronal cultures XIAP also upregulated interleukin (IL)‐6, which is an NF‐κB‐responsive gene. The addition of IL‐6 elevated whereas incubation with IL‐6‐blocking antibodies reduced BDNF in the neurons. BDNF itself activated NF‐κB in the neurons at higher concentrations. The data show that XIAP has trophic effects on hippocampal neurons by increasing BDNF and TrkB activity. The results reveal a cytokine network in the brain involving BDNF, IL‐6 and XIAP interconnected via the NF‐κB system.
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In healthy conditions, BDNF signaling induces activation of transcription factor NF-κB, which in turn induces de novo expression of the Bdnf gene.
“In healthy conditions, BDNF signaling induces the activation of transcription factor NF-κB, which in turn induces de novo expression of the Bdnf gene [26, 192].”
From Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Brain Disorders: Focus on Neuroinflammation (2019) · cites this paper as [192]
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- Authors
- Kairisalo, M., Korhonen, L., Sepp, M., Pruunsild, P., Kukkonen, J. P., Kivinen, J., Timmusk, T., Blomgren, K., & Lindholm, D.
- Affiliations
- Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- Uppsala University (SE)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 958-966
- ISSN
- 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
- 1460-9568
- OpenAlex
- W2032833209
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Keywords
- XIAP, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NF-κB, hippocampal neurons, TrkB receptor, CREB, interleukin-6, neuroprotection, anti-apoptotic proteins, neurotrophic signaling, cytokine network
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Hippocampus, Mice, Transgenic, Nerve Net, Neurons, RNA, Messenger, Transfection, Blotting, Western, Interleukin-6, Up-Regulation, NF-kappa B, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Receptor, trkB, Gene Silencing, RNA, Small Interfering, Mice, Rats, X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein
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