The DOI matches its Crossref record; 169 of the 175 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Three-dimensional culture systems in cancer research: Focus on tumor spheroid model
Open accessAbstract
Cancer cells propagated in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems exhibit physiologically relevant cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, gene expression and signaling pathway profiles, heterogeneity and structural complexity that reflect in vivo tumors. In recent years, development of various 3D models has improved the study of host-tumor interaction and use of high-throughput screening platforms for anti-cancer drug discovery and development. This review attempts to summarize the various 3D culture systems, with an emphasis on the most well characterized and widely applied model - multicellular tumor spheroids. This review also highlights the various techniques to generate tumor spheroids, methods to characterize them, and its applicability in cancer research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This physiochemical gradient generally induces the formation of three concentric zones on a spheroid -an anoxic core in the center containing necrotic cells, a middle hypoxic zone that has a low concentration of oxygen and nutrients, and an outer zone containing highly proliferative cells [53].”
From 3D In Vitro Model (R)evolution: Unveiling Tumor–Stroma Interactions (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Cancer spheroids are arguably the simplest in vitro 3D tumor models [114,115].”
From The Tumor-on-Chip: Recent Advances in the Development of Microfluidic Systems to Recapitulate the Physiology of Solid Tumors (2019) · cites this paper as [114]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Currently, various tumor spheroids have been fabricated by embedding cancer cells into protein‐based hydrogels such as Matrigel,[ 64 ] fibrin,[ 65 ] and collagen[ 66 ] as they incorporate specific cell‐adhesive motifs and enzymatic‐mediated matrix degradation which are beneficial to cell proliferation.”
From 3D Biomimetic Models to Reconstitute Tumor Microenvironment In Vitro: Spheroids, Organoids, and Tumor‐on‐a‐Chip (2023) · cites this paper as [66]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“An important aspect to consider is uniformity in size and homogeneity to ensure that the results are not in fl uenced by these factors [53].”
From 3D In Vitro Model (R)evolution: Unveiling Tumor–Stroma Interactions (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Tumor cell spheroids are especially useful for studying cancers that form tumor embolus, or a closely packed tumor cell cluster, as happens in in fl ammatory breast cancer [53].”
From 3D In Vitro Model (R)evolution: Unveiling Tumor–Stroma Interactions (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroids have emerged as more representative in vitro models that capture essential features of tumor architecture, stromal interactions, and microenvironmental resistance mechanisms.”
From Modeling Tumor Microenvironment Complexity In Vitro: Spheroids as Physiologically Relevant Tumor Models and Strategies for Their Analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Spheroids exhibit spatially organized regions of proliferation, quiescence, and hypoxia, and can incorporate non-tumor cells to mimic tumor–stroma crosstalk.”
From Modeling Tumor Microenvironment Complexity In Vitro: Spheroids as Physiologically Relevant Tumor Models and Strategies for Their Analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“By mimicking the hierarchical structure, proliferation gradients, and stromal interactions found in native tumor tissues, spheroids provide a more physiologically relevant context for evaluating anticancer agents and delivery systems [16,17].”
From Modeling Tumor Microenvironment Complexity In Vitro: Spheroids as Physiologically Relevant Tumor Models and Strategies for Their Analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“These gradients typically emerge when spheroids exceed ~500 μm in diameter, with proliferative cells localized to the outer rim, quiescent cells residing in intermediate zones, and hypoxic or necrotic cores forming at the center due to limited diffusion [17,184,185].”
From Modeling Tumor Microenvironment Complexity In Vitro: Spheroids as Physiologically Relevant Tumor Models and Strategies for Their Analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, 2D cultured cells are artificially polarized when their cytoskeleton rearranges as they are stretched on the culture plate, which in turn causes these cultured cells to express genes and proteins which are atypical [56].”
From Microfluidic modelling of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer drug development (2019) · cites this paper as [56]
In the citing paper
“Spheroids [98, 99] are, in general, considered similar to an early vascular stage of tumors”
In the citing paper
“Moreover, this gradient leads to the formation of concentric zones in the spheroids with a center containing an anoxic core with necrotic cells, a middle zone containing hypoxic cells, and an outer zone of highly proliferative cells, recapitulating the properties of an in vitro tumor [379].”
From Tumor microenvironment signaling and therapeutics in cancer progression (2023) · cites this paper as [379]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Calcium's Role in Mechanotransduction during Muscle Development
Damm, T. B., & Egli, M. (2014) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000356667 · Cited by 14,552
Integrins: Versatility, modulation, and signaling in cell adhesion
Hynes, R. O. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90115-s · Cited by 9,857
Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis
Quail, D. F., & Joyce, J. A. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3394 · Cited by 7,994
Molecular Mechanisms of Stress-Responsive Changes in Collagen and Elastin Networks in Skin
Aziz, J., Shezali, H., Radzi, Z., Yahya, N. A., Abu Kassim, N. H., Czernuszka, J., & Rahman, M. T. (2016) · Skin Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1159/000447017 · Cited by 7,323
Hydrogel: Preparation, characterization, and applications: A review
Ahmed, E. M. (2015) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2013.07.006 · Cited by 5,800
Matrix Crosslinking Forces Tumor Progression by Enhancing Integrin Signaling
Levental, K. R., Yu, H., Kass, L., Lakins, J. N., Egeblad, M., Erler, J. T., Fong, S. F. T., Csiszar, K., Giaccia, A., Weninger, W., et al. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.10.027 · Cited by 4,101
Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype
Paszek, M. J., Zahir, N., Johnson, K. R., Lakins, J. N., Rozenberg, G. I., Gefen, A., Reinhart-King, C. A., Margulies, S. S., Dembo, M., Boettiger, D., et al. (2005) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2005.08.010 · Cited by 3,941
Nonlinear magic: multiphoton microscopy in the biosciences
Zipfel, W. R., Williams, R. M., & Webb, W. W. (2003) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt899 · Cited by 3,911
Microenvironmental regulation of metastasis
Joyce, J. A., & Pollard, J. W. (2009) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2618 · Cited by 3,684
Organoid Models and Applications in Biomedical Research
Xinaris, C., Brizi, V., & Remuzzi, G. (2015) · The Nephron journals/Nephron journals · doi:10.1159/000433566 · Cited by 3,519
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Chandrasekaran, 2014, Vol. 9
- Onodera, 2014, Vol. 124
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 920
Spatial characterization of the BT-20 triple negative breast cancer spheroidal model
Ncube, K. N. (2019) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)
Understanding the impact of controlled oxygen delivery to 3D cancer cell culture
Grosh, D., Wulftange, W. J., Robey, R. W., Pohida, T. J., Morgan, N. Y., & Gottesman, M. M. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818128-7.00027-7
Newly emerged engineering of in vitro 3D tumor models using biomaterials for chemotherapy
Cai, B., Lv, Q., Wang, Z., & Wang, L. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818128-7.00022-8
Modelo tridimensional in vitro de adenocarcinoma prostático humano produzido por levitação magnética
Passos, P. D. Q. S. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.85.2020.tde-01032021-114311
Mater, Y., & Demircan, G. (2021) · Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine · doi:10.52142/omujecm.38.3.11
In Vitro and In Vivo Model Systems of Cholangiocarcinoma
Brandi, G., & Tavolari, S. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70936-5_22
π-π Stacked Polymeric Micelles: From Optimization to Early Preclinical Evaluation
Bagheri, M. (2021) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/618 · Cited by 1
Polydopamine-Functionalized Agarose Microspheres for 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures
Arnott, H. G. (2021) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-26291
PHOTOBIOMODULATORY EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY LASER RADIATION ON MULTICELLULAR SPHEROIDS
Gastaldi, G. G. C., de Oliveira, J. P., da Silva, J. V. L., Rezende, R. A., & Amaral, A. C. (2021) · Revista Brasileira Multidisciplinar · doi:10.25061/2527-2675/rebram/2021.v24i2.1136
Plectin Promotes Melanoma Tumor Formation by Regulation of Src ActivityPreprint
Mizuta, K., Matsubara, T., Goto, A., Addison, W. N., Nakatomi, M., Matsuo, K., Tada-Shigeyama, Y., Honda, H., Yoshioka, I., & Kokabu, S. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-885454/v1
do Amaral, R. L. F. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.60.2020.tde-21092021-055958
Geometric Tumor Embolic Budding Characterizes Inflammatory Breast CancerPreprint
Barsky, S. H., Modi, A. P., Nguyen, J. P. T., Wang, J. Q., Ahn, J., Libling, W. A., Klein, J., & Mazumder, P. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1377051/v1
Borad, M. J. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.738244264.793579671
Plectin promotes melanoma tumor formation by regulation of Rous sarcoma oncogene activityPreprint
Mizuta, K., Matsubara, T., Goto, A., Addison, W. N., Nakatomi, M., Matsuo, K., Tada-Shigeyama, Y., Honda, H., Yoshioka, I., & Kokabu, S. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-885454/v2
Rezaeeyazdi, M. (2019) · Digital Repository Service (Northeastern University) · doi:10.17760/d20323936
Cavalcanti, J. V. J., Selting, K. A., Ngo, M. T., Hoang, C. K. T., Schaeffer, D. J., Fan, T. M., Harley, B. A. C., & Phillips, H. (2022) · American Journal of Veterinary Research · doi:10.2460/ajvr.21.10.0157
Synthesis of Thiol-Acrylate Hydrogels for 3D Cell Culture and Microfluidic Applications
Khan, A. H. (2022) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.5784
Characterisation of inducible proteins in the HepG2 cell line proteome
Ellero, A. A. (2022) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) · doi:10.6019/pxd024353
Karyono, A. S., Hardianto, A., & Riawan, L. (2022) · Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.24198/pjd.vol34no2.31612
Sekihara, K., Himuro, H., Saito, N., Ota, Y., Kouro, T., Kusano, Y., Minohara, S., Hirayama, R., Katoh, H., Sasada, T., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2137021/v1
Kim, K., Kim, D., Son, M., & Cho, H. (2022) · Organoid · doi:10.51335/organoid.2022.2.e20
Modeling of the Tumor Microenvironment in Tumor Organoids
Shelkey, E., Dominijanni, A. J., Forsythe, S. D., Oommen, D., & Söker, S. (2022) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781839166013-00279
Jiang, D., & Wu, H. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91938-8.00005-6
Polymers of 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Induce Formation of Spheroids in Mammalian Cells
Rystsov, G. K., Lisov, A. V., & Zemskova, M. Y. (2022) · Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1134/s106816202206019x
Evaluation of different models of tumor spheroid generation with CAL27 cells
Mendonça, L. D. S., Dias, L. L. M. D. S., Koolen, H. H. F., Lima, É. S., & de Vasconcellos, M. C. (2023) · Peer Review · doi:10.53660/692.prw2209
Ramírez-Cuéllar, J., Ferrari, R., Sanz, R. T., Valverde-Santiago, M., Nacht, A. S., Castillo, D., Dily, F. L., Neguembor, M. V., Malatesta, M., Martı́-Renom, M. A., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.11.20.566232
Point Spread Function Engineering for 3D Imaging in High-Throughput Microscopy
Zoref, N., Opatovski, N., Nehme, E., Avrashami, M., Barzilai, I., Kedem, R. O., Ferdman, B., Alalouf, O., Azagury, D. M., Shamay, Y., et al. (2023) · Imaging and Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/cosi.2023.jm2b.5
Dunton, A. D. (2023) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc2179285
Molecular mechanisms of tumor cell stemness modulation during formation of spheroids: a review
Ponomarev, A. S., Gilazieva, Z., Solovyova, V. V., & Rizvanov, A. A. (2023) · Biochemistry (Moscow) · doi:10.31857/s0320972523070102
New Approaches for Testing the (Geno)Toxic Activity of Nano-particles In Vitro
Rozman, I., Štern, A., & Žegura, B. (2024) · doi:10.55295/psl.2024.ii8
Application progress of nanomaterials in the treatment of prostate cancer
Wu, X., Ma, L., Zhang, Y., Liu, S., Cheng, L., You, C., & Dong, Z. (2024) · Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises · doi:10.1016/j.pharma.2024.08.009
Ceballos-Duque, S. M., & Celis, M. E. M. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4965618/v1
Peřinová, M., Steigerová, J., Kvasnicová, M., Rychnovská, Z., Kašparová, T., Štenclová, T., Rárová, L., Michalak, K., Wicha, J., & Strnad, M. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4995123
A breast Duct-on-Chip model for emulating invasive ductal carcinoma and testing therapiesPreprint
Jouybar, M., & den Toonder, J. M. J. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.05.24.655087
Jiménez, Y. Y. L., Vargas, J. D. H., Benavides, D. M. N., & Mora, R. M. S. (2025) · The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2024-0068
Jimenez, M. C., Lasso, P., Susana Fiorentino, G., & Barreto, A. (2025) · Cancer Cell International · doi:10.1186/s12935-025-03860-5
Coelho, M. P. M., Pereira, G. D. M., Corbi, P. P., Nakahata, D. H., Gandin, V., Donati, C., Vecina, J. F., & Ruiz, A. L. T. G. (2025) · BioMetals · doi:10.1007/s10534-025-00719-0
3D bioprinting technology in cancer management: Applications, challenges, and future perspectives
Nandy, B. C., Dutta, S., Banerjee, B., & Mondal, A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-26518-1.00010-0
Roh, J., Ahn, I., Choi, J., & Ko, S. (2025) · Translational Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102478
Reprogramming tumor microenvironment by CAF-targeted sonodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapyPreprint
Xu, W., Zhang, X., Yuxian, K., Ma, G., Wang, X., Hu, C., He, L., & Huang, P. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7340174/v1
3D Spheroids to Study the Impact of Immune Checkpoint Proteins in Solid Tumors
Rey‐Iborra, E., Emaldi, M., Madariaga, M., Pulido, R., & Nunes‐Xavier, C. E. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4734-9_10
Use of microfluidic “chip” devices for assessing the effect of radiation on 3D cell culture models
Chermat, R., Refet-Mollof, E., Ziaee, M., Lafontaine, J., Gervais, T., & Wong, P. (2025) · Methods in cell biology · doi:10.1016/bs.mcb.2025.09.003
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Cancer Therapy
Khaboushan, A. S., Neishabouri, A., & Rezaei, N. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-00773-5_293
VRK1 Is a Novel Therapeutic Target for Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Cervix
Kobayashi, M., Nakagawa, S., Ishii, Y., Kamei, Y., Kanda, M., Masuda, T., Kakuda, M., Hiramatsu, K., Iwamiya, T., Egawa‐Takata, T., et al. (2025) · Cancer Science · doi:10.1111/cas.70211
3D Spheroid Imaging Enhancement via Point Spread Function Engineering in High-Throughput Microscopy
Zoref, N., Avrashami, M., Opatovski, N., Barzilai, I., Alalouf, O., Shamay, Y., & Shechtman, Y. (2025) · Imaging and Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/cosi.2025.cm1a.4
Çiftçi, İ. H., Özkan, A. D., Erman, G., Kilbaş, E. P. K., & Köroğlu, M. (2025) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines13112668
Li, Y., Peytral-Rieu, O., Dubuc, D., & Grenier, K. M. (2025) · European Microwave Conference (EuMC) · doi:10.23919/eumc65286.2025.11235155
Darracq, A., Sgarioto, N., Huot, M., McInnes, G., Méant, A., Langford‐Avelar, A., Villarreal, O. D., Marois, F., Caron, M., St-Onge, P., et al. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8000509/v1
Post-treatment recovery of docetaxel-treated prostate cancer monolayer and spheroid culturePreprint
Swanson, S., McKenna, C. B., Cheraghi, E., & Osei, E. K. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.11.17.688723
From 2D to 3D: transforming malignant bone tumor research with advanced culture models
He, Z., Huang, H., Fang, J., Liu, H., Yao, X., & Wu, H. (2025) · Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B · doi:10.1631/jzus.b2400288
Tümör-Bağışıklık Hücre Etkileşimlerini Araştırmak İçin Biyomühendisliksel Yöntemler
Topal, T., & Uzun, Z. E. (2025) · Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.63716/guffd.1768168
Depresle, M., Daumar, P., Goisnard, A., Roux, M., Aubel, C., Penault-Llorca, F. M., Mounetou, E., & Bamdad, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-26985-z
Christodoulou, C., MacRobert, A. J., Loizidou, M., Ramesh, B., Ricketts, K., Thrasivoulou, C., Jell, G., & Patra, H. K. (2025) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/d5nr02045j · Cited by 2
Sekihara, K., Himuro, H., Saito, N., Ota, Y., Kouro, T., Kusano, Y., Minohara, S., Hirayama, R., Katoh, H., Sasada, T., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22610599
Additional file 2 of Anaplastic thyroid cancer spheroids as preclinical models to test therapeutics
Hu, J., Liu, K., Ghosh, C., Khaket, T. P., Shih, H., & Kebebew, E. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26695116
Additional file 1 of Anaplastic thyroid cancer spheroids as preclinical models to test therapeutics
Hu, J., Liu, K., Ghosh, C., Khaket, T. P., Shih, H., & Kebebew, E. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26695113
Li, Y., Zhu, X., Li, L., Bao, C., Liu, Q., zhang, N., He, Z., Ji, Y., & Bao, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25414937
Chen, G., Liu, M., Sun, Y., Zhang, S., Liu, Q., Liang, Y., Cong, K., Yan, M., Zhang, Z., Deng, J., et al. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2025.172159
Trofimov, M. A., Bulatov, I. P., Lavrinenko, V., Popov, V. E., Petrova, V., Bukatin, A., & Tyazhelnikov, S. F. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14010108 · Cited by 1
Sawant, P., Jain, R., & Dandekar, P. P. (2026) · Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108030
Devarajan, Y., Prakash, K. S., & Pitchaimani, A. (2026) · In vitro models · doi:10.1007/s44164-025-00102-w
Lou, E., Jiang, L., Zheng, Y., Zhuo, R., Zhou, H., Hu, S., Shi, C., Zhang, H., Li, X., Jiang, L., et al. (2026) · Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1093/neuonc/noag021
Recent 3D Cell Culture Models: From Biomedical Applications to Machine Learning
Rusak, A., & Wiatrak, B. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14020379
The evolution and application of animal-free models in drug discovery and disease mechanism research
Jarman, E., Tufarelli, C., & Brown, K. (2026) · Mutagenesis · doi:10.1093/mutage/geag003
Chandrasekaran, K., Desai, D., Singh, S. K., Manoharan, J., & Selvaraj, C. (2026) · Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology · doi:10.1016/bs.apcsb.2026.01.003
Zhang, H., Xue, S., Pan, J., Zhang, J., Wei, D., Xia, P., Li, G., Roessler, S. K., Yu, C., & Ji, J. (2026) · Cancer Cell International · doi:10.1186/s12935-026-04250-1
Böttcher, N., Krumm, P., Huchzermeier, R., Berschkeit, L., Vollmer, J., Dick, J., Pufe, T., & Fragoulis, A. (2026) · Bioengineering · doi:10.3390/bioengineering13030336
Varol, Z., Sarıkaya, M. D., Beşparmak, E. A., Kıyıcı, M. S., MUTLU, N., & Yılmaz, S. (2026) · Akdeniz Medical Journal · doi:10.53394/akd.1593500
Shestakova, V. A., Smirnova, E. I., Isaeva, E., Smirnova, A., Atiakshin, D., Yatsenko, E., Yakimova, A. O., Koryakin, S. N., Baranovskii, D., Saburov, V. O., et al. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27062850
Radioimmunothérapie préciblée de la carcinose péritonéale par chimie bioorthogonale
Rondon, A. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/241766a1z7471z4289z8504z90fb6f17e5fe
Évaluation du stress mécanique sur l'ostéoblaste
Brézulier, D. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/a0075757zc30ez40d6zb4f9za5f5e758f6f3
Evaluation of therapeutic strategies based on radiations and nanoparticles using a 3D cell model
Maury, P. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/aee107aez6a0ez42d5z958az753b5b23241f
Analyseur optofluidique pour capsules cellulaires
Hélaine, N. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/b80b9e7cz20a6z46a4zad8bz6d8af9060cd6
Goodarzi, S. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/b0a0d503z93b4z464bz93d6z36d6613fb371
Goisnard, A. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/efb6e253zbfeaz431aza15czc11449d801f3
Évaluation de la prolifération dans les sphéroïdes tumoraux
Gomes, A. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/1c7fe4a2zb07bz4870z8790ze2a9a090735a
McCartin, C. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/c8e381a2z8745z4ba5z92c5z245033e340aa
3D high-content screening imaging of organoid development using single objective SPIM
Delaire, T. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/af908f4fz0244z4c53z8e1azc8c96f94e7ac
Long-term regulation of colorectal cancer cells under mechanical stress
Mouelhi, M. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/c4c32dd5zfd5ez4187za887z25dd0c7e3452
Martinez, A. E., Joshi, P., Carney, E., Fouladgar, F., Powell, R., Vanga, M. G., Gnenema, V., Hripko, S., Lee, M., & Habibi, N. (2026) · Bioengineering & Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/btm2.70135
文旭, Yuxian, K., Xinjian, Z., Guangrong, M., Sai, L., Xue, W., Chenlu, H., Luying, H., Weifeng, L., & Huang, P. (2026) · Materials Today Bio · doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103065
Yıldırım, B., Biltekin, B., Karalök, M. H., & Bılır, A. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14040906
Kristiansen, S. K., Dernjani, N., Bruland, Ø. S., Edin, N. F. J., & Juzeniene, A. (2026) · EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry · doi:10.1186/s41181-026-00444-0
(23810425), S. D., Adhikary, S., (238456), P. D., Datta, P., (3166224), S. C., & Barui, A. (2026) · Chemical & Biomedical Imaging · doi:10.1021/cbmi.5c00255
Schito, L., & Rey-Keim, S. (2026) · Cell Reports Methods · doi:10.1016/j.crmeth.2026.101454
Yadav, S., Tejaswini, G., haq, F. U., Pandey, S., Karande, R. J., Deore, A., Mohapatra, P., & Roopavath, U. K. (2026) · Materials & Design · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2026.116323
Fu, Y., Qi, Y., Xing, Y., Lin, Y., Liu, Z., Fu, J., Yao, B., & Zhao, P. (2026) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2026.117919
A pump-free microfluidic device for integrated multi-functional testing of tumor spheroids
Steinberg, E., Azulay, G., de Villa, A. R., Schwob, O., & Benny, O. (2026) · APL Bioengineering · doi:10.1063/5.0329306
Xiftou, K., Jiang, J., Caiment, F., de Kok, T. M. C. M., Vinken, M., Sanz-Serrano, J., & Tabernilla, A. (2026) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-026-04473-1
Suresh, N. K., Christyraj, J. D. S., Rajagopal, T., & Baskar, H. M. (2026) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-026-12212-z
Wilson, R. J., Ramlogan‐Steel, C. A., Greenstein, S. J., Deasy, W. J., Layton, C. J., & Steel, J. C. (2026) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2026.111138
Sierra-Sánchez, V. M., Ocampo-Ortega, S. A., Villafaña-Hernandez, S., Jiménez, E. M., Rodríguez-Fonseca, R. A., Aguilera‐Méndez, A., Romero‐Nava, R., Hong, E., Macías-Pérez, M. E., & Villafaña, S. (2026) · Scientia Pharmaceutica · doi:10.3390/scipharm94030053
Kadhim, A., Tawfīq, I., El‐Tanani, M., Muhana, F., El‐Tanani, Y., Zalloum, R. M., Matalqah, L. M., Saffarini, T., Alsanabrah, A., Khirfan, R., et al. (2026) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics18070841
Metadata
- Authors
- Nath, S., & Devi, G. R.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Devi, Gayathri R.
- ORCID
- Devi, Gayathri R.
- Venue
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 163
- Pages
- 94-108
- ISSN
- 0163-7258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4961208
- OpenAlex
- W2332155194
- Cited by
- 919
- References
- 175
- Citations by year
- 2026: 67 · 2025: 95 · 2024: 100 · 2023: 92 · 2022: 110 · 2021: 125 · 2020: 137 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 11
- FWCI
- 6.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH (CA014236)
- Department of Defense (W81XWH-13-1-0047)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth
- Keywords
- tumor spheroids, tumor cell culture, cell-matrix interactions, tumor heterogeneity, tumor-host interaction, high-throughput drug screening, anticancer drug discovery
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Cell Communication, Cell Movement, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Neoplasms, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Microscopy, Confocal, Spheroids, Cellular, Cell Culture Techniques, Hydrogels, Tumor Microenvironment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
