Ameliorative effect of deoxyvasicine on scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction by restoration of cholinergic function in mice
Abstract
Background Aerial parts of Peganum harmala Linn is used as a traditional medical herb for treatment of amnesia in Uighur medicine in China. Deoxyvasicine (DVAS) is one of the chief active ingredients in P. harmala, it possesses strong acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities in vitro, but the therapeutic effect and mechanisms on amnesia in vivo are unclear.Purpose The objective of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of DVAS from P. harmala in learning and memory deficits of scopolamine-induced mice and elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved.Methods Mice were pretreated with DVAS (5, 15 and 45 mg/kg) and huperzine-A (0.2 mg/kg) by gavage for 7 days, and subsequently were daily intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine (1 mg/kg) to induce learning and memory deficits and behavioral performance was assessed by Morris water maze. To further evaluate the potential mechanisms of DVAS in improving learning and memory capabilities, pathological change, levels of various biochemical markers and protein expressions related to cholinergic system, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation were examined.Results The results showed that DVAS could alleviate learning and memory deficits in scopolamine-treated mice. DVAS could regulate cholinergic function by inhibiting AChE and activating choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities and protein expressions. DVAS could induce brain-derived neurotrophic factor and protect hippocampal pyramidal cells against neuronal damage. DVAS also enhanced antioxidant defense via increasing the antioxidant enzyme level and activity of glutathione peroxidase, and anti-inflammatory function through suppressing tumor necrosis factor-α. Additionally, DVAS could regulate the neurotransmitters by elevating acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, γ-aminobutyric acid and reducing 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid and glutamic acid.Conclusion Results illustrated that DVAS may be a promising candidate compound against amnesia via restoration of cholinergic function, regulating neurotransmitters, attenuating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
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Extracts from Amygdalus spinosissima roots, Peganum harmala, Trianthema portulastrum, Centella asiatica, Citrus reticulata, and Cudrania tricuspidata reduced AChE activity and improved cognitive function in scopolamine-treated mice.
“Extracts from Amygdalus spinosissima roots, Peganum harmala, Trianthema portulastrum, Centella asiatica, and other plants, including Citrus reticulata and Cudrania tricuspidata, have also shown promising results in reducing AChE activity and improving cognitive function in SCO-treated mice [30,31,32,33,34,35].”
From Cholinesterase Inhibitors from Plants and Their Potential in Alzheimer’s Treatment: Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Deng, G., Wu, C., Rong, X., Li, S., Ju, Z., Wang, Y., Ma, C., Ding, W., Guan, H., Cheng, X., Liu, W., & Wang, C.
- Affiliations
- State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China (CN)
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Wei
- Wang, Changhong
- Venue
- Phytomedicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-10
- Volume
- 63
- Pages
- 153007
- ISSN
- 0944-7113 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2955383634
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6
- FWCI
- 1.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Phytomedicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Department of Education (U1130303, 2019D04018)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81872933)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2017ZX09301068-004)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- Peganum harmala, scopolamine-induced amnesia, learning and memory impairment, cholinergic activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, butyrylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, hippocampal neuroprotection, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, TNF-α, glutathione peroxidase, neurotransmitter modulation
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholine, Alkaloids, Amnesia, Animals, Antioxidants, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Hippocampus, Male, Memory, Memory Disorders, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Quinazolines, Scopolamine, Sesquiterpenes, Neurotransmitter Agents, Oxidative Stress, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Peganum, Cognitive Dysfunction
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