Cited by 299Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsTraumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular DisturbancesInflammasome and immune disorders

The cellular response in neuroinflammation: The role of leukocytes, microglia and astrocytes in neuronal death and survival

Open access
Carson, Monica J., Cameron Thrash, J., Walter, Barbara·2006·Clinical Neuroscience Research

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is a complex integration of the responses of all cells present within the CNS, including the neurons, macroglia, microglia and the infiltrating leukocytes. The initiating insult, environmental factors, genetic background and age/past experiences all combine to modulate the integrated response of this complex neuroinflammatory circuit. Here, we explore how these factors interact to lead to either neuroprotective versus neurotoxic inflammatory responses. We specifically focus on microglia and astrocytic regulation of autoreactive T cell responses.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.09.004

Cites

66 of 66 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Carson, M. J., Cameron Thrash, J., & Walter, B.
Affiliations
University of California, Riverside (US)
Corresponding author
Carson, Monica J.
Venue
Clinical Neuroscience Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-12
Volume
6
Issue
5
Pages
237-245
ISSN
1566-2772 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1964913218
Cited by
299
References
66
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 12
FWCI
0.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Clinical Neuroscience Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS045735, R01NS039508)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
Keywords
neuroinflammation, microglia, astrocytes, leukocytes, neuronal cell death, neuronal survival, neuroprotection, neurotoxicity, autoreactive T cells, macroglia

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review