Cited by 347Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchSleep and related disordersMigration, Health and Trauma

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 137 of the 137 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Pharmacologic alternatives to antidepressants in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review

Open access

Berger, William, Mendlowicz, Mauro V., Marques-Portella, Carla, Kinrys, Gustavo, Fontenelle, Leonardo F., Marmar, Charles R., Figueira, Ivan·2009·Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.12.004PMC PMC2720612

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered the first-line pharmacological treatment for PTSD. However, even when treated with this class of drugs, response rates rarely exceed 60% and less than 20-30% of the patients achieve full remission. The aim of this study was to address this limitation by systematically reviewing the options left for the treatment of PTSD when patients do not respond satisfactorily to or tolerate SSRIs. A systematic review covering all original articles, letters and brief reports published in any language until October 2008 was conducted through searches in the ISI/Web of Science, PubMed and PILOTS databases. The search terms included the pharmacological class of each agent or its generic name plus "PTSD" or "stress disorder" in the title, in the abstract or as a keyword. Sixty-three articles were selected, covering the following categories: antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, adrenergic-inhibiting agents, opioid antagonists, benzodiazepines and other agents. None of the identified agents reached the level A of scientific evidence, 5 reached level B, 7 level C and 13 level D. The non-antidepressant agent with the strongest scientific evidence supporting its use in PTSD is risperidone, which can be envisaged as an effective add-on therapy when patients did not fully benefit from previous treatment with SSRIs. Prazosin, an adrenergic-inhibiting agent, is a promising alternative for cases of PTSD where nightmares and insomnia are prominent symptoms. So far, there is no consistent empirical support for using benzodiazepines in the prevention or in the treatment of PTSD, although these drugs could alleviate some associated non-specific symptoms, such as insomnia or anxiety. Further controlled clinical trials and meta-analysis are needed to guide clinicians in their search of effective pharmacological alternatives to antidepressants in PTSD.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.12.004

Cites

137 of 137 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234
A rating scale for depression
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia.
Kay, S. R., Fiszbein, A., & Opler, L. A. (1987) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/13.2.261 · Cited by 21,378
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012 · Cited by 10,379
Untitled work
(1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 8,899
The Impact of Event Scale: Revised
Weiss, D. S. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-70990-1_10 · Cited by 3,074
Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder
Foa, E. B., Riggs, D. S., Dancu, C. V., & Rothbaum, B. O. (1993) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490060405 · Cited by 2,537
Glucocorticoids and Hippocampal Atrophy in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Sapolsky, R. M. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.10.925 · Cited by 2,016
Amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampal function in PTSD
SHIN, L. M., RAUCH, S. L., & PITMAN, R. K. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1364.007 · Cited by 1,203

Show all 137 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Forster, 1995, Lithium for irritability in posttraumatic-stress-disorder, J Trauma Stress, 8, 143, 10.1002/jts.2490080110 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 347

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
King, A. P. J., & Favorite, T. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29866-5_15 · Cited by 7
Quetiapine augmentation of prolonged exposure therapy in veterans with PTSD and a history of mild traumatic brain injury: design and methodology of a pilot study
Baig, M. R., Beck, R. D., Wilson, J. L., Lemmer, J. A., Meraj, A., Meyer, E. C., Mintz, J., Peterson, A. L., & Roache, J. D. (2020) · Military Medical Research · doi:10.1186/s40779-020-00278-0 · Cited by 7
Exploring the potential of prebiotic and polyphenol-based dietary interventions for the alleviation of cognitive and gastrointestinal perturbations associated with military specific stressors
Sayers, B., Wijeyesekera, A., & Gibson, G. R. (2021) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104753 · Cited by 9
Treatment of insomnia in post-traumatic stress disorder
Coupland, N. J. (2009) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0951 · Cited by 7
Evaluation of Clonidine and Prazosin for the Treatment of Nighttime Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms.
Wendell, K. R., & Maxwell, M. L. (2015) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 7
Anxiety levels and related pharmacological drug treatment: a memorandum for the third millennium.
Pasquini, M., & Berardelli, I. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 7
Pharmacotherapy of PTSD
Stein, D. J., & Ipser, J. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119998471.ch4 · Cited by 7
Hominis Placenta modulates PTSD-like behaviors in SPSS-induced PTSD mice: Regulating energy metabolism and neuronal activity
Cai, M., Park, H. R., & Yang, E. J. (2024) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117243 · Cited by 6
Hyperpolarization-Activated Channel 1 Modulates Resilience and Susceptibility to Social Avoidance Induced by Witnessing Social Defeat Stress
Kim, J., Michael, S., Pokharel, K., & Kim, C. S. (2025) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.03.025 · Cited by 7
Considering the Effect of Sexual Trauma When Teaching Physicians About Human Sexuality
Derenne, J. L., & Roberts, L. W. (2010) · Academic Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ap.34.6.409 · Cited by 6
Systems consolidation and fear memory generalisation as a potential target for trauma-related disorders
Pedraza, L. K., Sierra, R. O., & Alvares, L. D. O. (2022) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2022.2027010 · Cited by 6
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder – An Overview
Narayan, A. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/26012 · Cited by 7
Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging-Based Platform Enables Detection of Single, Site-Specific 5-Methylcytosine Associated with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Obliosca, J. M., Vest, O., Patel, D., Ferguson, T., Smith, K. P., Christy, D., Powers, A. D., Smith, A. K., Xu, Y., & Tison, C. K. (2025) · ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science · doi:10.1021/acsptsci.4c00628 · Cited by 5
Integration of limbic self-neuromodulation with psychotherapy for complex post-traumatic stress disorder: treatment rationale and case study
Fine, N. B., Fligelman, E. N., Carlton, N., Bloch, M., Hendler, T., Helpman, L., Seligman, Z., & Armon, D. B. (2024) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2023.2256206 · Cited by 6
Posttraumatic stress disorder clinical guidelines and treatment standards: focus on the symptoms of the psychophysiological arousal
Vasileva, A. V. (2024) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro202412405158 · Cited by 6
The M-Maze task: An automated method for studying fear memory in rats exposed to protracted aversive conditioning
de Souza, R. R., Robertson, N. M., Pruitt, D. T., Noble, L. J., Meyers, E., Gonzales, P. A., Bleker, N. P., Carey, H. L., Hays, S. A., Kilgard, M. P., et al. (2018) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.02.004 · Cited by 5
Evaluating the effects of single, multiple, and delayed systemic rapamycin injections to contextual fear reconsolidation: Implications for the neurobiology of memory and the treatment of PTSD-like re-experiencing
MacCallum, P. E., Cooze, J. B., Ward, J. M., Moore, K., & Blundell, J. J. (2024) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114855 · Cited by 6
Mental Health Response to Acute Stress Following Wilderness Disaster
Mortimer, A. R. (2010) · Wilderness and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.wem.2010.06.011 · Cited by 5
Pathogenetic Role of the Stress-induced Release of Glucocorticoid Hormones in the Development of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: An Experimental Study
Zenko, M. Y., Baranova, K. A., & Rybnikova, E. A. (2018) · Doklady Biological Sciences · doi:10.1134/s0012496618020059 · Cited by 5
Case report: Medical student types journals during ketamine infusions for suicidal ideation, treatment-resistant depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder
Willms, J. O., McCauley, B., Kerr, L., Presto, P., Arun, A., Shah, N., Irby, K., Strawn, M., & Kopel, J. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1020214 · Cited by 6
The Anxiolytic Effects of Moderate Hypoxia and Remote Ischemia in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Model Are Accompanied by Modification of Functioning of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis
Baranova, K. A., Пивина, С. Г., & Rybnikova, E. A. (2018) · Neurochemical Journal · doi:10.1134/s1819712418020022 · Cited by 5
PTSD biomarkers: Neuroendocrine signaling to epigenetic variants
Sbisa, A. M., Graham, K., Lawrence‐Wood, E., McFARLANE, A. C., & Toben, C. G. (2024) · Advances in clinical chemistry · doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2024.06.004 · Cited by 4
Low dose oral ketamine treatment on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (OKTOP): An open-label pilot study
Quigley, B. L., Can, A., Dutton, M., Gallay, C. C., Forsyth, G., Jones, M., Randall, F., Wilson, P. A., Lagopoulos, J., & Hermens, D. F. (2025) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.01.003 · Cited by 4
Acute stress disorder and post traumatic stress disorder in individuals suffering from burn injury
Sharp, S., & Meyer, W. J. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-0315-9_1 · Cited by 4
Trastornos de ansiedad relacionados con traumas y otros factores de estrés
Almerge, J. C., & Gutiérrez, L. C. (2015) · Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado · doi:10.1016/j.med.2015.07.009 · Cited by 4
PTSD Treatment Problems at the U.S. Veterans Administration
Koven, S. G. (2021) · Psychiatry International · doi:10.3390/psychiatryint2010002 · Cited by 4
Post-traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD)
Hendawy, O. M., Alharbi, K. S., Parambi, D. G. T., Alshammari, M. S., & Shah, M. A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5167-3_9 · Cited by 4
Venlafaxine - quetiapine combination in the treatment of complicated clinical picture of enduring personality changes following PTSD in comorbidity with psychotic depression.
Presečki, P., Mihanović, M., Silić, A., Vuina, A. L., & Caratan, S. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 4
Novelty exposure hinders aversive memory generalization and depends on hippocampal protein synthesis
de Vargas, L. D. S., Sevenster, D., Lima, K. R., Izquierdo, I., D’Hooge, R., & Mello‐Carpes, P. B. (2018) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.034 · Cited by 4
Symptoms, molecular markers and mechanisms in the development of coronary artery disease in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder
Akóṣílè, W. (2021) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.210971 · Cited by 4
MDMA Assisted Psychotherapy Decreases PTSD Symptoms, Dissociation, Functional Disability, and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisPreprint
Green, W. M., Raut, S. B., James, F., Benedek, D. M., Ursano, R. J., & Johnson, L. R. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.08.17.23293955 · Cited by 4
Clinical conceptualisation of PTSD in psilocybin treatment: disrupting a pre-determined and over-determined maladaptive interpretive framework
Modlin, N. L., Williamson, V., Maggio, C., Stubley, J., Kirlić, N., Cleare, A. J., & Rucker, J. (2025) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/20451253251342319 · Cited by 3
Novel psychedelic interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and their promise for precision medicine
Dodds, C., Dawson, R. L., Lim, A., Tye, S. J., & Nasrallah, F. A. (2025) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/20451253251396255 · Cited by 4
Sleep disturbances in posttraumatic stress disorder: Current knowledge and clinical management
Saguin, E., & Rolling, J. (2026) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2026.02.004 · Cited by 4
Natural polyphenols as therapeutic candidates for mitigating neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder: Evidence from preclinical studies
Raise‐Abdullahi, P., Rezvani, M., Yousefi, F., Rahmani, S., Meamar, M., Raeis-Abdollahi, E., Vafaei, A. A., Rashidipour, H., & Rashidy‐Pour, A. (2024) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111230 · Cited by 4
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Şahingöz, M., & Sarı, S. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92919-4_18 · Cited by 3
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Comorbidity in Patients Undergoing Ect for Major Depressive Disorder
Youssef, N. A., Brodsky, L., & Patel, R. S. (2023) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.12788/acp.0115 · Cited by 3
Trauma and Sensory Systems: Biological Mechanisms Involving the Skin and the 17q21 Gene Cluster
Korgan, A. C., Prendergast, K., Rosenhauer, A. M., Morrison, K. E., Jovanović, T., & Bale, T. L. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.11.003 · Cited by 3
The Neuroimmune System in Psychiatric Disorders
Hassan, Y., ESTEVES, S. C., Leyrer‐Jackson, J. M., & Thomas, M. P. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68237-7_56 · Cited by 2
Treatment of Insomnia with Comorbid Mental Illness
Tracy, L. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/32324 · Cited by 3
Prazosina de liberação lenta para pacientes com transtorno do estresse pós-traumático resistentes aos ISRS
Pagotto, L. F., Berger, W., Mendlowicz, M. V., Luz, M. P., Portella, C. M., & Figueira, I. L. D. V. (2012) · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0101-60832012000500006 · Cited by 3
Self-citation
Serotonergic Synergy in the Pharmacotherapy of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Exacerbation: A Case Report
Pennington, J. G., & Guina, J. (2017) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-15-00572 · Cited by 3
A guide to what works for anxiety
Reavley, N. J., Allen, N., Jorm, A. F., Morgan, A. J., Ryan, S., & Purcell, R. (2013) · Cited by 3
Anpassungsstörung, akute und posttraumatische Belastungsstörung
Kapfhammer, H. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03637-8_59 · Cited by 4
Moderate UVB exposure ameliorate chronic stress-induced anxiety and social impairment by activating mPFC to basal lateral amygdala pathway
Song, D., Qi, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, R., Wang, M., Wang, X., Wu, Y., Li, X., Zhang, K., & Liu, S. (2025) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111260 · Cited by 2
Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung und Depression
Uhl, I., & Illės, F. (2016) · Nervenheilkunde · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1616408 · Cited by 2
Translocator protein 18 kDa: a potential therapeutic biomarker for post traumatic stress disorder
Qiu, Z.-K., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Wu, R.-J., Guan, S.-F., Pan, Y., Wang, Q., Tang, D., Zhu, T., & Chen, J. (2020) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-020-00548-9 · Cited by 2
Treating PTSD: A review of 8 studies
Saeed, S. A. (2023) · Current Psychiatry · doi:10.12788/cp.0324 · Cited by 2
Patient journey of civilian adults diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder—A chart review study
Davis, L. L., Urganus, A., Gagnon‐Sanschagrin, P., Maitland, J., Bedard, J., Bellefleur, R., Cloutier, M., Guérin, A., & Aggarwal, J. (2024) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1080/03007995.2024.2308016 · Cited by 2
Hospitalization Risk With Benzodiazepine and Opioid Use in Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Lee, S., Heesch, C. B., Allison, K., Binns, L., Straw-Wilson, K., & Wendel, C. S. (2017) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 2
Benzodiazepine Therapy
Guina, J., Merrill, B., & LeQuang, J. A. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780197517277.003.0003 · Cited by 2
Off-Label Use of Second Generation Antipsychotics in Anxiety Disorders and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Látalová, K., Kamarádová, D., & Praško, J. P. (2010) · Cited by 2
Teaching Trauma and Narrative: Using Salinger’s For Esmé—with Love and Squalor
Kim, J., Hartzell, G., Dawson, V., & Furman, A. C. (2017) · Academic Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40596-017-0727-z · Cited by 2
The Possible Mechanism of the Appearance of Nightmares in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Approaches to Their Prevention
Silkis, I. G. (2019) · Neurochemical Journal · doi:10.1134/s1819712419030127 · Cited by 2
Anxiety and Depression Mediate the Relationship of Medication-Resistant PTSD to Quality of Life in Service Members
Willing, M. M. P., Tate, L. L., Spangler, P. T., Benedek, D. M., & Riggs, D. S. (2021) · Military Behavioral Health · doi:10.1080/21635781.2021.2013352 · Cited by 2
Mind–Body Treatments for Anxiety Disorders
Maiello, M., Ward, M. J., & Bui, É. (2019) · Current clinical psychiatry · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30687-8_14 · Cited by 2
Endocannabinoid Metabolism in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Results From a Neuroimaging Study With the Novel Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Probe, [C-11] Curb
Gaudette, E. V., Watling, S. E., Warsh, J. J., McCluskey, T., Tong, J., Houle, S., Rusjan, P., Rhind, S. G., Bazinet, R. P., Tyndale, R. F., et al. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.02.729 · Cited by 2
mGlu Receptor Modulation in Murine Models of Stress and Affective Disorders
Maksymetz, J., & Joffe, M. E. (2021) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1107-4_13 · Cited by 2
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Assessment and Treatment
Kulkarni, M. R., Barrad, A., & Cloître, M. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118775349.ch50 · Cited by 2
Delayed-onset posttraumatic stress disorder with response to methylphenidate
Álvarez, M.-J., López-Escribano, R., Marzán, A., & Alonso-Alvarez, L. (2023) · Psiquiatría Biológica · doi:10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100397 · Cited by 1
Benzodiazepines for PTSD: Poor data quality and misleading advice
de Lima, M. S., & da Silva, A. G. (2024) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811241294007 · Cited by 1
Efficacy and risks of psychedelics in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review
Thomas, J. E., Dellarole, A., & Caballero, J. (2026) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.1093/ajhp/zxag062 · Cited by 2
Blood biomarker changes and relationships after low dose oral ketamine treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Quigley, B. L., Orr, E., Kafka, S., Hajishafiee, M., Bouças, A. P., Wellington, N. J., Dutton, M., Jones, M., Randall, F., Lagopoulos, J., et al. (2026) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-026-07043-6 · Cited by 1
Anesthetics as emerging therapeutics for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): bridging bench and bedside
Mei, X., Wu, H., Yuan, T., Samsom, J., Ying, S., Liu, X., Xu, T., Liu, F., & Shen, Y. (2026) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-026-03538-y · Cited by 1
From Bench to Bedside: Understanding General Anesthetics' Impact on PTSD
Li, K., Meimei, G., Wei, W., Li, X., & Peng, M. (2026) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/011570159x402072251103071408 · Cited by 1
The Transformation of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: From Neurosis to Neurobiology
Tanja, C., & Boadie, W. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/20810 · Cited by 1
Pharmacological Resistance of Stress Enhanced Fear Learning in an Animal Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Long, V., Fujioka, W., Amir, D., & Fanselow, M. S. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/24451 · Cited by 1
Current clinical drug on benzodiazepine
Aguglia, E., Minutolo, G., & Cannavò, D. (2012) · Giornale italiano di psicopatologia/Journal of psychopathology/Italian journal of psychopathology · Cited by 1
Psychiatric Complications of Sulfur Mustard (SM) Poisoning
Bordbar, M. R. F., Farıdhosseını, F., & Saghebi, A. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23874-6_11 · Cited by 1
Psychopharmakotherapie der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen
Leopold, K., Priebe, S., & Bauer, M. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35068-9_16 · Cited by 1
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Seedat, S. (2013) · South African Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v19i3.952 · Cited by 2
Efficacy of fluoxetine and (R,S)-ketamine in attenuating conditioned fear behaviors in male mice
Wells, M., Hoffmann, J., Stage, A., Enger, I., Pomper, J., Briggs, L., & LaCrosse, A. (2024) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.124.002252 · Cited by 2
Predictors of premature discontinuation of outpatient treatment after discharge of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder
Bahk, W., Wang, H. R., Woo, Y. S., & Jun, T.-Y. (2015) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s78212 · Cited by 1
Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders 1: Acute Stress Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Leigh, H. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11005-9_16 · Cited by 1
Reduction of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms in PTSD and Major Depressive Disorder Comorbidity After Acute Hypoglycemia—A Case Report
Pawłowski, T., Daroszewski, J., Czerwińska, A., & Rymaszewska, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00530 · Cited by 1
Development of a Practice Tool for Primary Care Providers: Medication Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Baig, M. R., Meraj, A., & Tapia, R. N. (2020) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-020-09767-w · Cited by 1
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for psychiatric disorders other than depression
Blumberger, D. M., Barr, M. S., & Daskalakis, Z. J. (2015) · doi:10.1002/9781118801086.ch10 · Cited by 1
Hippocampal sharp wave ripples mediate generalization and subsequent fear attenuation via closed-loop brain stimulation in ratsPreprint
Pedraza, L. K., Sierra, R. O., Barcsai, L., Li, Q., Pejin, A., Gellért, L., Lörincz, M. L., & Berényi, A. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.04.30.591894 · Cited by 1
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Şahingöz, M., & Sarı, S. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-99720-4_20 · Cited by 1
Psychopharmakotherapie der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen
Leopold, K., Priebe, S., & Bauer, M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-88489-7_16
Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung bei opiatabhängigen methadonsubstituierten Patienten
Celenk, S., Huber, C. W., Borgwardt, S., Stieglitz, R., & Olbrich, H. M. (2013) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000157
Beyond Depression: Ketamine and Glutamatergic Agents for PTSD, OCD, and Other Potential Applications
Dougherty, J. W., Ettensohn, M. F., & Levine, S. P. (2018) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/00485713-20180312-03
Psychiatric Disorders in Women’s Health
Chandraiah, S. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7641-6_24
The Roles of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Neurotransmitters in an Animal Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Wilson, C. B. (2014) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.1323
Improving psychiatric–psychological assessment capacity by matching level of care to client outcomes: enhancing discharge planning at an operational stress injury clinic in Canada
Nelson, C. G. (2018) · Journal of Military Veteran and Family Health · doi:10.3138/jmvfh.2017-0017
New Insights on the Treatment of Emotional Problems
Gargiulo, Á. J. M., Quintero, P. J., Cristi, N., & Gargiulo, A. P. Í. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95360-1_24
Dietary Curcumin Promotes Resilience to Chronic Social Defeat Stress in a Highly Susceptible Mouse Strain
Aubry, A. (2018) · CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York)
Psychopharmakotherapie von Traumafolgestörungen
Bauer, M., Priebe, S., & Severus, E. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-58470-5_19
Psychopharmacotherapy of PTSD
Hassan, S. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56015-1_395-1
ASSISTÊNCIA INTEGRAL: CONDUTAS PROFILÁTICAS E TERAPÊUTICAS EM GESTANTES COM ANEMIA FALCIFORME
Chaves, M. P., do Nascimento, N. R., Dornelas, M. A. D. M., de Godoy, A. A. R., & de Freitas, M. A. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000892
AUMENTO DE COROA CLÍNICA ESTÉTICA SUPERIOR
Dias, K. S. P. A., Silva, I. C. M., Rocha, C. R., & Freitas, H. E. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000896
ASTROCITOMA PILOCÍTICO CEREBELAR DE DESENVOLVIMENTO ATÍPICO: RELATO DE CASO
Ribeiro, L. M., Linhalis, B. S., Ferreira, K. D. M., de Souza, P. G. K., & Lee, S. Y. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000916
COLANGIOCARCINOMA AVANÇADO: UM RELATO DE CASO
Chixaro, J. D. O., de Oliveira, L. P., Colares, W. T. H. C., de Andrade, B. B., Santana, Y. M., Filho, K. P. D. O., & Cortez, M. V. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000917
SÍNDROME MÃO-PÉ EM PACIENTE INTERNADA NA UNIDADE DE INTERNAÇÃO ONCOLÓGICA DE UM HOSPITAL PRIVADO DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Maia, M. R., & Celeste, L. E. N. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000911
O PAPEL DO ENFERMEIRO NA PREVENÇÃO DE INFECÇÃO NO SÍTIO CIRÚRGICO
Lauria, T. A. L. F., de Souza, M. T., de Oliveira, C. R. M., de Freitas, A. H., & Freitas, S. C. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000900
IMUNOTERAPIA NA DOENÇA DE HUNTINGTON: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTIC
Martin, R. R. H., Gontijo, B. D. A. V., Guimarães, J. D. S., Toledo, R. G., Patricio, B. M. K., Verde, L. D. A. L. V., de Mesquita, H. L., Sousa, A. L., & Guimarães, L. C. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000903
SEGUIMENTO DE 5 ANOS DE ACUIDADE VISUAL DE PACIENTES COM DEGENERAÇÃO MACULAR RELACIONADA À IDADE EXUDATIVA (ÚMIDA) TRATADA COM RADIOTERAPIA E MEDICAMENTOS ANTIANGIOGÊNICO
Bianchi, L. C. D. S. N., Vieira, L. T. Q., Isaac, D. L. C., & de Ávila, M. P. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000904
LESÃO DE QUADRIL PREDOMINANTE EM TENISTAS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Santos, J. V. D. S., do Nascimento, D. A., dos Santos, E. F., de Oliveira, É. M. P., da Silva, V. B., Bosnic, F., Falconi, C. A., & Doro, M. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000910
ANÁLISE DA DOR E QUALIDADE DO SONO EM MULHERES COM FIBROMIALGIA APÓS APLICAÇÃO DA ESTIMULAÇÃO ELÉTRICA NERVOSA TRANSCUTÂNEA (TENS) - SÉRIE DE CASOS
Camilo, L. D. L., da Silva, K. R., Galvão, C. A. L., Lazzareschi, L., Lima, S. C. D. C. R., da Silva, A., & Filoni, E. (2021) · EDILSON ANTONIO CATAPAN eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000907
EFEITO MODULADOR DA UVA RUBI (VITIS VINÍFERA) NA SUPRESSÃO DE TUMORES EPITELIAIS INDUZIDOS POR DOXORRUBICINA EM DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER
de Deus, M. H. A., Martins, J. M., Júnior, G. D., & Orsolin, P. C. (2021) · Brazilian Journals Editora eBooks · doi:10.35587/brj.ed.0000908

Authors: Berger, W., Mendlowicz, M. V., Marques-Portella, C., Kinrys, G., Fontenelle, L. F., Marmar, C. R., & Figueira, I.
Affiliations: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
Cambridge Health Alliance (US)
San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Berger, William
ORCID: Berger, William
Mendlowicz, Mauro V.
Kinrys, Gustavo
Fontenelle, Leonardo F.
Marmar, Charles R.
Figueira, Ivan
Venue: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-03
Volume: 33
Issue: 2
Pages: 169-180
ISSN: 0278-5846 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.12.004
PMC: PMC2720612
OpenAlex: W1977428298
Cited by: 347
References: 137
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 2.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Australian Government
Governo Brasil
National Institute of Mental Health (MH056350-06, R01MH056350)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, pharmacotherapy, antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, risperidone, prazosin, benzodiazepines, antipsychotic drugs, antiepileptic drugs, opioid antagonists, treatment-resistant PTSD, nightmares, insomnia, adjunctive therapy
MeSH terms: Animals, Anticonvulsants, Antidepressive Agents, Benzodiazepines, Humans, Narcotic Antagonists, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Antipsychotic Agents, Adrenergic Antagonists

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Pharmacologic alternatives to antidepressants in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks