The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin: The basic and clinical science underlying carotenoid-based nutritional interventions against ocular disease
Open accessAbstract
The human macula uniquely concentrates three carotenoids: lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin. Lutein and zeaxanthin must be obtained from dietary sources such as green leafy vegetables and orange and yellow fruits and vegetables, while meso-zeaxanthin is rarely found in diet and is believed to be formed at the macula by metabolic transformations of ingested carotenoids. Epidemiological studies and large-scale clinical trials such as AREDS2 have brought attention to the potential ocular health and functional benefits of these three xanthophyll carotenoids consumed through the diet or supplements, but the basic science and clinical research underlying recommendations for nutritional interventions against age-related macular degeneration and other eye diseases are underappreciated by clinicians and vision researchers alike. In this review article, we first examine the chemistry, biophysics, and physiology of these yellow pigments that are specifically concentrated in the macula lutea through the means of high-affinity binding proteins and specialized transport and metabolic proteins where they play important roles as short-wavelength (blue) light-absorbers and localized, efficient antioxidants in a region at high risk for light-induced oxidative stress. Next, we turn to clinical evidence supporting functional benefits of these carotenoids in normal eyes and for their potential protective actions against ocular disease from infancy to old age.
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Cites
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Cited by
The Effect of Lutein on Eye and Extra-Eye Health
Buscemi, S., Corleo, D., Di Pace, F., Petroni, M. L., Satriano, A., & Marchesini, G. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10091321 · Cited by 260
Neuroprotective strategies for retinal disease
Pardue, M. T., & Allen, R. S. (2018) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.02.002 · Cited by 237
Alber, J., Goldfarb, D., Thompson, L. I., Arthur, E., Hernandez, K., Cheng, D., DeBuc, D. C., Cordeiro, F., Provetti‐Cunha, L., den Haan, J., et al. (2020) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.12006 · Cited by 154
Lutein Supplementation for Eye Diseases
Li, L. H., Lee, J. C.-Y., Leung, H. H., Lam, W. C., Fu, Z., & Lo, A. C. Y. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12061721 · Cited by 152
Mechanisms of Transport and Delivery of Vitamin A and Carotenoids to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Harrison, E. H. (2019) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201801046 · Cited by 97
Metadata
- Authors
- Bernstein, P. S., Li, B., Vachali, P. P., Gorusupudi, A., Shyam, R., Henriksen, B. S., & Nolan, J. M.
- Venue
- Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-01
- Volume
- 50
- Pages
- 34-66
- ISSN
- 1350-9462 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1948539164
- Cited by
- 545
- References
- 22
- FWCI
- 28.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Bernstein, P. S., Li, B., Vachali, P. P., Gorusupudi, A., Shyam, R., Henriksen, B. S., & Nolan, J. M. (2016). Lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin: The basic and clinical science underlying carotenoid-based nutritional interventions against ocular disease. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.10.003
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