Neural correlates of attachment trauma in borderline personality disorder: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Abstract
Functional imaging studies have shown that individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) display prefrontal and amygdala dysfunction while viewing or listening to emotional or traumatic stimuli. The study examined for the first time the functional neuroanatomy of attachment trauma in BPD patients using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the telling of individual stories. A group of 11 female BPD patients and 17 healthy female controls, matched for age and education, told stories in response to a validated set of seven attachment pictures while being scanned. Group differences in narrative and neural responses to "monadic" pictures (characters facing attachment threats alone) and "dyadic" pictures (interaction between characters in an attachment context) were analyzed. Behavioral narrative data showed that monadic pictures were significantly more traumatic for BPD patients than for controls. As hypothesized BPD patients showed significantly more anterior midcingulate cortex activation in response to monadic pictures than controls. In response to dyadic pictures patients showed more activation of the right superior temporal sulcus and less activation of the right parahippocampal gyrus compared to controls. Our results suggest evidence for potential neural mechanisms of attachment trauma underlying interpersonal symptoms of BPD, i.e. fearful and painful intolerance of aloneness, hypersensitivity to social environment, and reduced positive memories of dyadic interactions.
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Patients with borderline personality showed significantly more anterior midcingulate cortex activation compared with controls in response to separation stimuli.
“In a follow-up study (Buchheim et al., 2008), a similar paradigm showed that patients with borderline personality, a disorder of emotional instability connected with early-life trauma, showed significantly more anterior midcingulate cortex activation compared with controls in response to separation stimuli.”
From The human parental brain: In vivo neuroimaging (2011) · cites this paper as Buchheim et al., 2008
In response to dyadic pro-attachment stimuli, borderline patients showed more activation of the right superior temporal sulcus and less activation of the right parahippocampal gyrus compared to controls.
“In response to dyadic (pro-attachment) stimuli, patients showed more activation of the right superior temporal sulcus and less activation of the right parahippocampal gyrus compared to controls.”
From The human parental brain: In vivo neuroimaging (2011) · cites this paper as Buchheim et al., 2008
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Buchheim, A., Erk, S., George, C., Kächele, H., Kircher, T., Martius, P., Pokorny, D., Ruchsow, M., Spitzer, M., & Walter, H.
- Affiliations
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Mills College (US)
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-08
- Volume
- 163
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 223-235
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2041714345
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 8.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universität Ulm
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, attachment trauma, narrative processing, anterior midcingulate cortex, superior temporal sulcus, parahippocampal gyrus, interpersonal sensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amygdala, Borderline Personality Disorder, Brain, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Life Change Events, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Object Attachment, Temporal Lobe, Parahippocampal Gyrus, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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