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Cited by 27Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMental Health via Writing

Towards the objective assessment of suicidal states: Some neurocognitive deficits may be temporally related to suicide attempt

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Interian, Alejandro, Myers, Catherine E., Chesin, Megan S., Kline, Anna, Hill, Lauren St., King, Arlene R., Miller, Rachael, Latorre, Miriam +3 more·2020·Psychiatry Research
DOI 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112624PMC PMC7165019
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Abstract

Neurocognitive detection of suicidal states has the potential to significantly advance objective risk assessment. This goal requires establishing that neurocognitive deficits fluctuate around the time of a suicide attempt. The current study therefore evaluated whether neurocognitive performance is temporally related to suicide attempt, in a sample at high-risk for suicide (n=141). Evaluations consisted of a clinician-administered interview, self-report questionnaires, and neurocognitive tasks assessing response inhibition, attentional control, and memory recognition. Analyses examined whether neurocognitive scores significantly differed according to the following temporal suicide attempt categories: a) past-week attempt; b) past-year attempt (not in past week); and c) no past-year attempt. Univariate results showed that response inhibition and memory recognition were significantly related to suicide attempt recency. Post-hoc pairwise tests showed that participants with a past-week suicide attempt showed greater impairments than those without a past-year attempt. Multivariate tests showed the same pattern of results, adjusting for age, suicide attempts prior to past year, mood disturbance, and suicidal ideation. These results show that neurocognitive assessment of response inhibition and memory recognition shows sensitivity to the recency of a suicide attempt. While future prospective studies are needed, results suggest that phasic neurocognitive deficits may serve as objective markers of short-term suicide risk.

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  • These groups were not differentiated by traditional clinical assessments (e.g., prior attempts, suicide ideation, mood disturbances).

    “Notably, these groups were not differentiated by traditional clinical assessments (e.g., prior attempts, suicide ideation, mood disturbances) (Interian et al., 2020)”

    From Toward objective characterizations of suicide risk: A narrative review of laboratory-based cognitive and behavioral tasks (2023) · cites this paper as Interian et al., 2020

    The Results report no significant group differences in suicide attempts before the past year, depression, or hopelessness. However, past-year suicidal ideation severity differed significantly between groups, so the claim that suicidal ideation did not differentiate them is not fully supported. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Past-week attempts were associated with greater commission errors on the Go/No-Go task compared to more distal attempts (>1 year prior).

    “past-week attempts were associated with greater commission errors on the Go/No-Go task compared to more distal attempts (>1 year prior) (Interian et al., 2020).”

    From Toward objective characterizations of suicide risk: A narrative review of laboratory-based cognitive and behavioral tasks (2023) · cites this paper as Interian et al., 2020

    The Results report significantly more Go/No-Go commission errors among participants with a past-week attempt than among those with no attempt in the past year. The Methods define that comparator by absence of a past-year attempt, not by an attempt more than one year earlier; it may include people who had never attempted suicide. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Interian, A., Myers, C. E., Chesin, M. S., Kline, A., Hill, L. S., King, A. R., Miller, R., Latorre, M., Gara, M. A., Stanley, B. H., & Keilp, J. G.
Affiliations
  • Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
  • William Paterson University (US)
  • VA New Jersey Health Care System (US)
  • New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Interian, Alejandro
ORCID
Venue
Psychiatry Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-05
Volume
287
Pages
112624
ISSN
0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112624
PMC
PMC7165019
OpenAlex
W2980722360
Semantic Scholar
d9c49fcb74699cdb214e4bc646e33d292ab330b0
Cited by
27
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1
FWCI
2.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Health Services Research and Development
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
Keywords
suicide risk assessment, suicide attempts, neurocognitive impairment, response inhibition, recognition memory, attentional control
MeSH terms
Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Neurocognitive Disorders, Suicidal Ideation

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