Deficit of cognitive inhibition in depressed elderly: a neurocognitive marker of suicidal risk
Open accessAbstract
Background Cognitive deficits, in relation to ventral and dorsal prefrontal cortex dysfunctions, have been associated with a higher risk of suicidal acts in young adult patients. Although a public health concern, much less is known about the neurocognitive basis of suicidal behavior in elderly. Here, we aimed at assessing alterations in cognitive inhibition, a suspected major mechanism of the suicidal vulnerability, in suicidal depressed elderly.Methods We compared 20 currently depressed patients, aged 65 and older who recently attempted suicide to 20 elderly subjects with a current depression but no personal history of suicide attempt and 20 elderly controls. Using an extensive neuropsychological battery, we particularly examined different aspects of cognitive inhibition: access to relevant information (using the Reading with distraction task), suppression of no longer relevant information (Trail Making Test, Rule Shift Cards), and restraint of cognitive resources to relevant information (Stroop test, Hayling Sentence Completion test, Go/No-Go).Results After adjustment for age, intensity of depression, Mini-Mental State Examination score and speed of information processing, suicidal depressed elderly showed significant impairments in all 3 domains of cognitive inhibition in comparison to both control groups.Limitations Our results need replication in a larger sample size.Conclusions Our study suggests that the inability to inhibit neutral information access to working memory, restrain and delete irrelevant information may impair the patient's capacity to respond adequately to stressful situations subsequently leading to an increased risk of suicidal behavior during late-life depression. Interventions may be developed to specifically target cognitive impairment in the prevention of suicide in depressed elderly.
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Higher false alarm rates in attempters (failure to inhibit responding to a No-Go target) are observed on the Go/No-Go Task.
“Higher false alarm rates in attempters (i.e., failure to inhibit responding to a No-Go target) ( Richard-Devantoy et al., 2012 , 2016b ; Westheide et al., 2008 ).”
From Toward objective characterizations of suicide risk: A narrative review of laboratory-based cognitive and behavioral tasks (2023) · cites this paper as Richard-Devantoy et al., 2012
Section 3.2.3 (page unavailable) reports that depressed elderly suicide attempters made more Go/No-Go errors than both control groups, supporting the direction of the comparison. The paper does not identify those errors as false alarms to No-Go targets or report false-alarm rates specifically. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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“…function has previously been reported with poorer performances in the TMT Part B time index in younger adults and old-age suicide attempters (King et al., 2000; Marzuk et al., 2005), and in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (errors index) in younger adults (Keilp et al., 2001; Marzuk et al.,…”
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- Authors
- Richard-Devantoy, S., Jollant, F., Kefi, Z., Turecki, G., J.P.Olié, Annweiler, C., Beauchet, O., & Le Gall, D.
- Affiliations
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CA)
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (FR)
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 140
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 193-199
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091687415
- Semantic Scholar
- cf89c7743cd655920564e16bb6ca325b71fd588c
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 10.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- cognitive inhibition, geriatric depression, suicide risk, suicide attempts, older adults, neurocognitive markers, prefrontal cortex dysfunction, Stroop task, go/no-go task, Trail Making Test, suicide prevention
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted
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