Cited by 204Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Attention deficit in depressed suicide attempters

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Keilp, John G., Gorlyn, Marianne, Oquendo, Maria A., Burke, Ainsley K., Mann, J. John·2008·Psychiatry Research

Abstract

Attention is typically impaired in depression and may play a role in risk for suicidal behavior. In this study, 66 non-patients, 83 depressed subjects with no past history of suicide attempt, 53 depressed subjects with one or more low lethality suicide attempts, and 42 depressed subjects with at least one high lethality attempt were compared on two computerized measures of attention, a continuous performance test (CPT) and a Stroop task. All subjects were medication free at the time of assessment. Attention was impaired in all depressed subjects but worse in those with a past history of suicidal behavior. CPT performance did not differ among the groups, but Stroop interference was significantly poorer in all depressed subjects relative to non-patients, and poorer still in high lethality suicide attempters relative to all other groups. Interference scores correlated modestly with subjective depression, functional level, suicide ideation, number of past suicide attempts, and lethality of past attempts. Depression-related impairments of attention, especially susceptibility to interference, are accentuated in those with a past history of suicidal behavior. Fundamental deficits in attentional control may play a role in risk for suicidal behavior, and may contribute to a variety of cognitive deficits in suicidal patients. Brain regions subserving attentional control, which overlap considerably with regions implicated in affective disorders, may be a useful target for studies seeking to characterize neuropsychological factors associated with suicidal behavior.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.08.020

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  • Impaired cognitive control is the most consistent deficit found in suicide attempters.

    “These learning deficits scale with attempt lethality and are partially explained by impaired cognitive control (34), the most consistent deficit found in suicide attempters (17, 22, 24).”

    From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [22]

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Authors
Keilp, J. G., Gorlyn, M., Oquendo, M. A., Burke, A. K., & Mann, J. J.
Affiliations
New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Keilp, John G.
Venue
Psychiatry Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-05
Volume
159
Issue
1-2
Pages
7-17
ISSN
0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2032774379
Cited by
204
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 11
FWCI
7.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH-062185, R01MH062155, MH-062155, P50MH062185)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
attention deficits, depression, suicide attempts, suicide risk, Stroop interference, continuous performance test, attentional control, cognitive impairment, suicidal ideation
MeSH terms
Attention, Cognition Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Suicide, Suicide, Attempted, Comorbidity

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