Attention deficit in depressed suicide attempters
Open accessAbstract
Attention is typically impaired in depression and may play a role in risk for suicidal behavior. In this study, 66 non-patients, 83 depressed subjects with no past history of suicide attempt, 53 depressed subjects with one or more low lethality suicide attempts, and 42 depressed subjects with at least one high lethality attempt were compared on two computerized measures of attention, a continuous performance test (CPT) and a Stroop task. All subjects were medication free at the time of assessment. Attention was impaired in all depressed subjects but worse in those with a past history of suicidal behavior. CPT performance did not differ among the groups, but Stroop interference was significantly poorer in all depressed subjects relative to non-patients, and poorer still in high lethality suicide attempters relative to all other groups. Interference scores correlated modestly with subjective depression, functional level, suicide ideation, number of past suicide attempts, and lethality of past attempts. Depression-related impairments of attention, especially susceptibility to interference, are accentuated in those with a past history of suicidal behavior. Fundamental deficits in attentional control may play a role in risk for suicidal behavior, and may contribute to a variety of cognitive deficits in suicidal patients. Brain regions subserving attentional control, which overlap considerably with regions implicated in affective disorders, may be a useful target for studies seeking to characterize neuropsychological factors associated with suicidal behavior.
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Impaired cognitive control is the most consistent deficit found in suicide attempters.
“These learning deficits scale with attempt lethality and are partially explained by impaired cognitive control (34), the most consistent deficit found in suicide attempters (17, 22, 24).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Keilp, J. G., Gorlyn, M., Oquendo, M. A., Burke, A. K., & Mann, J. J.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Keilp, John G.
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 159
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 7-17
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2518449
- OpenAlex
- W2032774379
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 7.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-062185, R01MH062155, MH-062155, P50MH062185)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- attention deficits, depression, suicide attempts, suicide risk, Stroop interference, continuous performance test, attentional control, cognitive impairment, suicidal ideation
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Cognition Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Suicide, Suicide, Attempted, Comorbidity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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