Adverse childhood experiences and stimulant use disorders among adults in the United States
Open accessAbstract
Recent data indicate a resurgence of stimulant use and harms in the United States; thus, there is a need to identify risk factors to inform development of effective prevention strategies. Prior research suggests adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common among individuals using stimulants and may be an important target for prevention. National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions was used to estimate prevalence of ACEs among U.S. adults using amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), cocaine, or both. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between ACEs and stimulant use and use disorders. Among adults reporting lifetime ATS use, 22.1% had ≥4 ACEs, 24.9% had 2-3 ACEs, 22.4% had 1 ACE, 30.6% reported no ACEs. Among adults with lifetime ATS use disorder, 29.3% reported ≥4 ACEs, 28.7% reported 2-3 ACEs, 21.6% reported 1 ACE, and 20.4% reported no ACEs. Multivariable logistic regression found a significant relationship between number of ACEs and stimulant use and use disorders. In conclusion, we found a strong relationship between increasing ACE exposures and stimulant use and use disorders. Advancing comprehensive strategies to prevent ACEs and treating underlying trauma among those using stimulants holds great promise to reduce stimulant use and its health and social consequences in the United States.
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The ASAM/AAAP Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Stimulant Use Disorder
(2024) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0000000000001299 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tang, S., Jones, C. M., Wisdom, A., Lin, H.-C., Bacon, S., & Houry, D.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tang, Shichao
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-05
- Volume
- 299
- Pages
- 113870
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8211100
- OpenAlex
- W3137432044
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 2.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Keywords
- adverse childhood experiences, stimulant use disorder, amphetamine-type stimulants, cocaine use, childhood trauma, risk factors, substance use prevention, trauma-informed care, prevalence
- MeSH terms
- Adverse Childhood Experiences, Adult, Humans, Risk Factors, United States, Prevalence, Logistic Models
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