Mindfulness-based interventions for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review of the literature
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have emerged as secular practices, including elements of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). While MBIs have been widely adopted for physical and mental illness, only a few available programs are explicitly adapted for psychosis. However, previous reviews have reported the vital heterogeneity regarding treatment program structure. Therefore, this review aims to compare the structure of different mindfulness protocols applied to patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). METHODS: A systematic search was conducted up to March 2023 in PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo. Following our protocol (CRD 42023253356), we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. RESULTS: We included 22 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1500 patients SSD. All programs varied in structure, session components, duration, and instructor experience. While MBSR-like programs focused on stress reactivity, MBCT-like programs addressed primary symptoms of psychosis and relapse prevention. Despite the heterogeneity of programs, some common mechanisms emerged, including attention training, emotion and stress regulation, decentering, self-compassion, and cognitive restructuring. CONCLUSIONS: The critical heterogeneity found limits the interpretation of results. However, most recent trials present fewer risks of bias and more homogenous programs. Findings suggested potential benefits, such as reduced negative symptoms, increased well-being, and decreased hospitalization rates. For future studies, authors should align on more congruent MBIs programs for patients with SSD. Further research is needed to identify optimal mindfulness teaching approaches for patients with psychosis and investigate specific mechanisms of action, relevant processes, and optimal doses in varying settings.
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MBIs are feasible, acceptable, and effective for individuals with SSD, especially in reducing negative symptoms when delivered in a group setting.
“Recent evidence suggests that MBIs are feasible, acceptable, and effective for individuals with SSD, especially in reducing negative symptoms when delivered in a group setting.18–22”
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Why and how might yoga differ from other mind-body approaches in schizophrenia?
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The efficacy of meditation on insula dysfunction in patients with chronic schizophrenia
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Exploring the mind-brain relationship to advance mental health research and practice
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Psychological Interventions for Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
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- Authors
- Sabé, M., Kohler, R., Perez, N., Sauvain-Sabé, M., Sentissi, O., Jermann, F., Prada, P., Perroud, N., & Böge, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- University Hospital of Geneva (CH)
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Sabé, Michel
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-02
- Volume
- 264
- Pages
- 191-203
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4390382330
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 6
- FWCI
- 1.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based interventions, schizophrenia spectrum disorders
- MeSH terms
- Emotions, Humans, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Mindfulness
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