Cited by 492Microplastics and Plastic PollutionNanoparticles: synthesis and applicationsEnvironmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

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Micro- and nanoplastic induced cellular toxicity in mammals: A review

Banerjee, Amrita, Shelver, Weilin L.·2021·Science of The Total Environment

DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142518

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Abstract

Plastic based products are ubiquitous due to their tremendous utility in our daily lives. However, the limited biodegradable nature of plastics has recently raised pollution concerns globally, especially micro- and nanoplastics. These anthropogenic pollutants are either manufactured specifically in the small size range for various commercial applications or formed due to fragmentation of macro plastics in the environment. Micro- and nanoplastics are currently widespread in the oceans, freshwater bodies, land and even present in our food. The biological effects of micro- and nanoplastics on aquatic organisms are well documented but their impacts on mammalian system have not been rigorously investigated. This review discusses the potential routes of exposure to micro- and nanoplastics, biological effects of these particles in mammalian cells, factors influencing toxicity, and the probable mechanisms of cytotoxicity. In general, small size, positive charge, high dose, and presence of toxic additives or pollutants in the micro/nanoplastics appear to induce cellular toxicity through oxidative stress, membrane damage, immune response and genotoxicity. Understanding the cellular fate and toxicity of these materials may help extrapolate risks to mammals.

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Authors: Banerjee, A., & Shelver, W. L.
Affiliations: Agricultural Research Service (US)
Corresponding author: Shelver, Weilin L.
ORCID: Banerjee, Amrita
Shelver, Weilin L.
Venue: Science of The Total Environment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2021-02
Volume: 755
Issue: Pt 2
Pages: 142518
ISSN: 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142518
OpenAlex: W3088724696
Cited by: 492
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 70 · 2025: 96 · 2024: 114 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 38
FWCI: 2.34
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Keywords: microplastics, nanoplastics, cytotoxicity, mammalian cells, cytotoxicity mechanism, oxidative stress, membrane damage, immune response, genotoxicity, plastic pollution, exposure pathways, plastic fragmentation, food contamination
MeSH terms: Microplastics, Animals, Fresh Water, Mammals, Plastics, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Aquatic Organisms

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