Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 363

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 123 of the 123 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Solid waste: An overlooked source of microplastics to the environment

Open access
Golwala, Harmita, Zhang, Xueyao, Iskander, Syeed Md, Smith, Adam L.·2021·Science of The Total Environment

Abstract

Microplastics pollution is one of the most pressing environmental problems of the 21st century. While microplastics are pervasive throughout various environmental compartments, research to date has primarily focused on marine systems. Land-based microplastics sources (e.g., solid waste) have received comparatively little attention, although they account for the main flow of microplastics into aquatic environments. Solid waste microplastics sources primarily include landfill refuse, sludge, and food waste. Microplastics in these waste streams can be associated with various micropollutants that can have deleterious impacts on ecosystem health as they enter the food chain. Thus, understanding the occurrence, fate, and degradation pathways of solid waste microplastics is essential to develop comprehensive control and mitigation strategies. This study critically reviewed these key aspects of microplastics in municipal solid waste landfill refuse, sewage sludge, and food waste, and identified the interconnections of these components in the proliferation of microplastics to the environment. Additionally, microplastics related laws and regulations and their relevance to solid waste microplastics mitigation are discussed.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144581

Cites

123 of 123 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 123 references

Cited by

See all 363

Metadata

Authors
Golwala, H., Zhang, X., Iskander, S. M., & Smith, A. L.
Venue
Science of The Total Environment
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-05
Volume
769
Pages
144581
ISSN
0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3119467613
Cited by
363
References
123
FWCI
12.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Solid waste: An overlooked source of microplastics to the environment. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144581
The paper
Golwala, H., Zhang, X., Iskander, S. M., & Smith, A. L. (2021). Solid waste: An overlooked source of microplastics to the environment. Science of The Total Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144581

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.