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In-depth insights into the disruption of the microbiota-gut-blood barrier of model organism (Bombyx mori) by fluoride
Abstract
Fluoride is a serious health risk to animals and humans. The microbiota-gut-blood barrier (MGBB) plays an indispensable role in maintaining the systematic homeostasis of host organisms. However, the toxic effects of fluoride on MGBB of organisms have not been extensively investigated. Here, we used the silkworm interspecies model to explore the adverse effects of fluoride on the gut microbiota and intestinal tissue and circulating metabolites of organisms. Results showed that fluoride exposure significantly declined the body weight gain and survival rate of organisms and evidently damaged intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, fluoride altered the composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota, which was accompanied by changing gene expression levels of antimicrobial peptides in intestinal tissue. Shifts in the relative abundance of Enterococcus, Aquabacterium, Aureimonas and Methylobacterium in the gut had significant correlations with the concentrations of certain differential metabolites (e.g., amino acids, nucleotides, and nucleotide derivatives) in the bloodstream. Moreover, most circulating metabolites in related nucleotide metabolism pathways were upregulated, whereas those in the pathways of amino acid metabolism were downregulated. This study deepens our understanding of the disruptive effect of fluoride on the MGBB of host organisms and may provide a new insight into the preventive therapy of fluoride-induced diseases.
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“Silkworms exposed to 200 mg L–1 NaF had upregulated expression levels of antimicrobial peptides Att2, CecA, Beclin 1, Atg5, Atg7, p62, and Lys”
From Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [68]
In the citing paper
“downregulated expression levels of CecB6, CecD, and Leb1were observed after 36 hours.47,68”
From Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [68]
In the citing paper
“Silkworm39,68 and bird42,43 models also showed a similar effect with a reduction in energy metabolic enzymes and SCFAs, respectively, at higher fluoride doses (200, 750, and 1200 mg L–1 NaF)”
From Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [68]
In the citing paper
“but the production of proinflammatory cytokines was accelerated”
From Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [68]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review
Yasin, M., Zohoori, F. V., Kumah, E. A., Subramanian, M., Dean, P., & Orr, C. H. (2025) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae202 · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- Li, G., Zheng, X., Zhu, Y., Long, Y., & Xia, X.
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-09
- Volume
- 838
- Pages
- 156220
- ISSN
- 0048-9697
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 2
- Language
- en
- Licence
- Funders
- Southwest University
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