Short sleep in young adults: Insomnia or sleep debt? Prevalence and clinical description of short sleep in a representative sample of 1004 young adults from France
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence suggests an association between short sleep with adverse health outcomes: obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. But there are few or no data on "who these short sleepers are" in the general population.Objectives To describe short sleepers and the associated sleep disorders in young adults.Methods Cross-sectional telephone survey in a representative sample of 1004 French young adults (25-45 years old). Total sleep time (TST), insomnia, snoring, sleepiness and daytime consequences were assessed using subjective validated tools. Short sleepers were defined as sleeping <6h a weekday (sleep+nap+pauses). Sleep debt was defined as those who "sleep 90 min less than the sleep they need to be in good shape."Results Prevalence of short sleep was 18%, insomnia 12%, and sleep debt 20% in the total group. Among short sleepers, 16% had insomnia, 45% sleep debt, and 39% neither. Short sleepers were significantly mostly males, blue collar workers and more overweight and obese compared to nonshort sleepers. Working >10h per day, smoking and drinking coffee after 5p.m. were also significantly associated with short sleep. Short sleepers had higher Epworth sleepiness scale ESS scores (7.8 vs 6.7; p = 0.0058) and more sleepiness while driving (11.5% vs 2.9%; p < 0.0001).Conclusion Short sleep is highly prevalent in young adults but is not an homogeneous group, including both insomniacs and subjects with or without sleep debt. Short sleep has to be defined more precisely in order to better understand its impact on public health.
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The prevalence of 'sleep debt' using closely similar criterion as used in the YFS sample has been earlier found to be 20% in 1004 French young adults.
“In accordance with these results, the prevalence of “sleep debt”, using closely similar criterion as used in the YFS sample, has been earlier found to be 20% in 1004 French young adults27.”
From Prolonged sleep restriction induces changes in pathways involved in cholesterol metabolism and inflammatory responses (2016) · cites this paper as [27]
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Environmental open-source data sets and sleep-wake rhythms of populations: an overview
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- Authors
- Léger, D., Roscoat, E. D., Bayon, V., Guignard, R., Pâquereau, J., & Beck, F.
- Affiliations
- Université Paris Descartes (FR)
- Institut National de Prévention et d’Education pour la Santé (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Léger, Damien
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 454-462
- ISSN
- 1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2109720893
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 9.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Keywords
- short sleep duration, insomnia, sleep debt, young adults, total sleep time, daytime sleepiness, snoring, overweight and obesity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Coffee, Cross-Sectional Studies, Employment, Female, France, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Sleep, Sleep Stages, Smoking, Time Factors, Prevalence, Sex Distribution
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