Television use and its effects on sleep in early childhood
Open accessAbstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of television (TV) viewing and bedroom TV presence on young children's sleep as measured by actigraphy.Design Analyses of covariance were run to examine differences in sleep duration and quality among children based on the presence of TVs in their bedrooms and the amount of TV watched.Setting Recruited in preschools in Massachusetts; recorded ambulatory (in home, environs).Participants Participants were 470 children between 33 and 71 months of age (M = 51.02).Measurements Children were instructed to wear an actigraph watch for 16 days. Caregivers reported demographic information, completed behavior questionnaires, and answered questions regarding their child's TV use.Results Children who watched more TV and had TVs in their bedroom displayed significantly shorter sleep duration and worse sleep, but they also napped significantly longer in the daytime. Nonetheless, total 24-hour sleep was shorter for those who watched more TV and had TVs in their bedroom compared to those who did not have TVs in their bedrooms or watch TV frequently. Children who had TVs in their bedrooms watched TV later at night, watched more adult TV programs, and had higher negative affect than children without TVs in their bedrooms.Conclusions These findings suggest that TV use in young children does impact sleep duration and quality as measured by actigraphy, and daytime napping does not offset these negative impacts.
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Children who watch more television and have televisions in their bedrooms have shorter and worse sleep.
“Children who watch more television and have televisions in their bedrooms have shorter and worse sleep.218”
From Digital Ecosystems, Children, and Adolescents: Technical Report (2026) · cites this paper as [218]
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- Authors
- Helm, A. F., & Spencer, R. M. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spencer, Rebecca M.C.
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-06
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 241-247
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6581597
- OpenAlex
- W2938633413
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 17.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 HL111695)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- television viewing, early childhood sleep, sleep duration, sleep quality, daytime napping, preschool children, actigraphy, negative affect, screen time
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Television, Time Factors, Actigraphy
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