The DOI matches its Crossref record; 110 of the 112 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Melatonin as a chronobiotic
Abstract
Melatonin, hormone of the pineal gland, is concerned with biological timing. It is secreted at night in all species and in ourselves is thereby associated with sleep, lowered core body temperature, and other night time events. The period of melatonin secretion has been described as 'biological night'. Its main function in mammals is to 'transduce' information about the length of the night, for the organisation of daylength dependent changes, such as reproductive competence. Exogenous melatonin has acute sleepiness-inducing and temperature-lowering effects during 'biological daytime', and when suitably timed (it is most effective around dusk and dawn) it will shift the phase of the human circadian clock (sleep, endogenous melatonin, core body temperature, cortisol) to earlier (advance phase shift) or later (delay phase shift) times. The shifts induced are sufficient to synchronise to 24 h most blind subjects suffering from non-24 h sleep-wake disorder, with consequent benefits for sleep. Successful use of melatonin's chronobiotic properties has been reported in other sleep disorders associated with abnormal timing of the circadian system: jetlag, shiftwork, delayed sleep phase syndrome, some sleep problems of the elderly. No long-term safety data exist, and the optimum dose and formulation for any application remains to be clarified.
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“The rhythmic production of the hormones melatonin and cortisol is driven directly by SCN timing; these hormones are therefore considered reliable markers of the phase of the central SCN clock (8).”
From Separation of circadian- and behavior-driven metabolite rhythms in humans provides a window on peripheral oscillators and metabolism (2018) · cites this paper as [8]
Citations
Cites
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Self-citationThe melatonin rhythm: both a clock and a calendar
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Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disease
Wulff, K., Gatti, S., Wettstein, J. G., & Foster, R. G. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2868 · Cited by 1,055
Melatonin: Nature’s most versatile biological signal?
Pandi‐Perumal, S. R., Srinivasan, V., Maestroni, G. J. M., Cardinali, D. P., Poeggeler, B., & Hardeland, R. (2006) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05322.x · Cited by 875
Melatonin—A pleiotropic, orchestrating regulator molecule
Hardeland, R., Cardinali, D. P., Srinivasan, V., Spence, D. W., Brown, G. M., & Pandi-Perumal, S. R. (2011) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.12.004 · Cited by 843
Functional MT1 and MT2 Melatonin Receptors in Mammals
Dubocovich, M. L., & Markowska, M. (2005) · Endocrine · doi:10.1385/endo:27:2:101 · Cited by 832
Physiological effects of melatonin: Role of melatonin receptors and signal transduction pathways
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Metadata
- Authors
- Arendt, J., & Skene, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Surrey (GB)
- ORCID
- Skene, Debra Jean
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-02
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 25-39
- ISSN
- 1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2165834747
- Cited by
- 629
- References
- 112
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 9.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- melatonin, chronobiotics, circadian rhythm, phase shift, jet lag, shift work, delayed sleep phase syndrome, sleep disorders, core body temperature, pineal gland, exogenous melatonin
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chronobiology Phenomena, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Melatonin, Pineal Gland, Photoperiod, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm
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