Longitudinal changes of microbiome composition and microbial metabolomics after surgical weight loss in individuals with obesity
Open accessAbstract
Background Some of the metabolic effects of bariatric surgery may be mediated by the gut microbiome.Objectives To study the effect of bariatric surgery on changes to gut microbiota composition and bacterial pathways, and their relation to metabolic parameters after bariatric surgery.Settings University hospitals in the United States and Spain.Methods Microbial diversity and composition by 16 S rRNA sequencing, putative bacterial pathways, and targeted circulating metabolites were studied in 26 individuals with severe obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes, before and at 3, 6, and 12 months after either gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy.Results Bariatric surgery tended to increase alpha diversity, and significantly altered beta diversity, microbiota composition, and function up to 6 months after surgery, but these changes tend to regress to presurgery levels by 12 months. Twelve of 15 bacterial pathways enriched after surgery also regressed to presurgery levels at 12 months. Network analysis identified groups of bacteria significantly correlated with levels of circulating metabolites over time. There were no differences between study sites, surgery type, or diabetes status in terms of microbial diversity and composition at baseline and after surgery.Conclusions The association among changes in microbiome with decreased circulating biomarkers of inflammation, increased bile acids, and products of choline metabolism and other bacterial pathways suggest that the microbiome partially mediates improvement of metabolism during the first year after bariatric surgery.
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Postsurgical increases in Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia muciniphila) are often reported.
“On the other hand, postsurgical increase in the phyla Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia muciniphila) are often reported [52, 53].”
From Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
Postsurgical alterations in the gut microbiome after bariatric surgery do not appear to have long-term effects on weight loss because changes often reverse to presurgical baseline within 1 year.
“The postsurgical alterations in gut microbiome that occur after bariatric surgery do not appear to have long-term effects on weight loss because the changes seen in the gut microbiome after surgery often reverse to the presurgical baseline levels within 1 year [52].”
From Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
Gut microbial diversity increases after metabolic surgery, although observations for Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are inconsistent.
“Gut microbial diversity is seen to increase after metabolic surgery, although inconsistent observations are reported in the literature especially for changes that occur in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla.”
From Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Shen, N., Caixàs, A., Ahlers, M., Patel, K., Gao, Z., Dutia, R., Blaser, M. J., Clemente, J. C., & Laferrère, B.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Rutgers Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Laferrère, Blandine
- Venue
- Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-08
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1367-1373
- ISSN
- 1550-7289 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6722012
- OpenAlex
- W2953297254
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 3.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR000040)
- National Institutes of Health (R01 DK114038, R01 MH110418, P30 DK063608, R01 DK067561, T32 DK007559-25, P30 DK26687-30, R01 DK090989, 2016-2017)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- bariatric surgery, obesity
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, DNA, Bacterial, Humans, Obesity, Cohort Studies, Weight Loss, Bariatric Surgery, Metagenome, Metabolome
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