Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients
Open accessAbstract
Bariatric surgery is highly successful in improving health compared to conventional dietary treatments. It has been suggested that the gut microbiota is a relevant factor in weight loss after bariatric surgery. Considering that bariatric procedures cause different rearrangements of the digestive tract, they probably have different effects on the gut microbiota. In this study, we compared the impact of medical treatment, sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the gut microbiota from obese subjects. Anthropometric and clinical parameters were registered before, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Fecal samples were collected and microbiota composition was studied before and six months post treatment using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR. In comparison to dietary treatment, changes in intestinal microbiota were more pronounced in patients subjected to surgery, observing a bloom in Proteobacteria . Interestingly, Bacteroidetes abundance was largely different after six months of each surgical procedure. Furthermore, changes in weight and BMI, or glucose metabolism, correlated positively with changes in these two phyla in these surgical procedures. These results indicate that distinct surgical procedures alter the gut microbiota differently, and changes in gut microbiota might contribute to health improvement. This study contributes to our understanding of the impact of weight loss surgery on the gut microbiota, and could be used to replicate this effect using targeted therapies.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Altered gut barrier function through either reduced bowel permeability from chronically increased secretion of GLP-2 or shifts in the intestinal microflora after surgery may be a second factor in the reductions in endotoxemia/inflammation after bariatric surgery.
“A second factor may be the altered gut barrier function through either reduced bowel permeability from chronically increased secretion of GLP-2 or shifts in the intestinal microflora after surgery [130-132].”
From Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects (2020) · cites this paper as [132]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
R Core Team (2000) · doi:10.32614/r.manuals · Cited by 355,706 · see citing works
QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data
Caporaso, J. G., Kuczynski, J., Stombaugh, J., Bittinger, K., Bushman, F. D., Costello, E. K., Fierer, N., Peña, A. G., Goodrich, J. K., Gordon, J. I., et al. (2010) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.f.303 · Cited by 34,887 · see citing works
An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
Turnbaugh, P. J., Ley, R. E., Mahowald, M. A., Magrini, V., Mardis, E. R., & Gordon, J. I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05414 · Cited by 12,444 · see citing works
Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome
The Human Microbiome Project Consortium (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11234 · Cited by 11,726 · see citing works
A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
MetaHIT Consortium, Qin, J., Li, R., Raes, J., Arumugam, M., Burgdorf, K. S., Manichanh, C., Nielsen, T., Pons, N., Levenez, F., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08821 · Cited by 11,624 · see citing works
Greengenes, a Chimera-Checked 16S rRNA Gene Database and Workbench Compatible with ARB
DeSantis, T. Z., Hugenholtz, P., Larsen, N., Rojas, M., Brodie, E. L., Keller, K., Huber, T., Dalevi, D., Hu, P., & Andersen, G. L. (2006) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.03006-05 · Cited by 10,891 · see citing works
Klindworth, A., Pruesse, E., Schweer, T., Peplies, J., Quast, C., Horn, M., & Glöckner, F. O. (2013) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gks808 · Cited by 8,850 · see citing works
Human gut microbes associated with obesity
Ley, R. E., Turnbaugh, P. J., Klein, S., & Gordon, J. I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/4441022a · Cited by 8,785 · see citing works
Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Yatsunenko, T., Rey, F. E., Manary, M. J., Trehan, I., Dominguez-Bello, M. G., Contreras, M., Magris, M., Hidalgo, G., Baldassano, R. N., Anokhin, A. P., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11053 · Cited by 7,815 · see citing works
Changes of Intestinal Functions in Liver Cirrhosis
Fukui, H., & Wiest, R. (2016) · Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases · doi:10.1159/000444436 · Cited by 6,820 · see citing works
Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Buchwald, H., Avidor, Y., Braunwald, E., Jensen, M. D., Pories, W., Fahrbach, K., & Schoelles, K. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.292.14.1724 · Cited by 6,800 · see citing works
The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage
Bäckhed, F., Ding, H., Wang, T., Hooper, L. V., Koh, G. Y., Nagy, A., Semenkovich, C. F., & Gordon, J. I. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0407076101 · Cited by 6,245 · see citing works
Obesity alters gut microbial ecology
Ley, R. E., Bäckhed, F., Turnbaugh, P., Lozupone, C. A., Knight, R. D., & Gordon, J. I. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0504978102 · Cited by 6,176 · see citing works
De Filippo, C., Cavalieri, D., Di Paola, M., Ramazzotti, M., Poullet, J. B., Massart, S., Collini, S., Pieraccini, G., & Lionetti, P. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1005963107 · Cited by 5,579 · see citing works
Revised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body
Sender, R., Fuchs, S., & Milo, R. (2016) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533 · Cited by 5,425 · see citing works
den Besten, G., van Eunen, K., Groen, A. K., Venema, K., Reijngoud, D.-J., & Bakker, B. M. (2013) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r036012 · Cited by 5,048 · see citing works
McDonald, D. T., Price, M. N., Goodrich, J. K., Nawrocki, E. P., DeSantis, T. Z., Probst, A. J., Andersen, G. L., Knight, R. D., & Hugenholtz, P. (2011) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.139 · Cited by 5,010 · see citing works
Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Mortality in Swedish Obese Subjects
Sjöström, L., Narbro, K., Sjöström, C. D., Karason, K., Larsson, B., Wedel, H., Lystig, T., Sullivan, M., Bouchard, C., Carlsson, B., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa066254 · Cited by 4,668 · see citing works
Frank, D. N., St. Amand, A. L., Feldman, R. A., Boedeker, E. C., Harpaz, N., & Pace, N. R. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706625104 · Cited by 4,611 · see citing works
Gut microbiota in health and disease
Sekirov, I., Russell, S. L., Antunes, L. C. M., & Finlay, B. B. (2010) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00045.2009 · Cited by 4,182 · see citing works
Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism
Morrison, D. J., & Preston, T. (2016) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2015.1134082 · Cited by 3,781 · see citing works
Human Genetics Shape the Gut Microbiome
Goodrich, J. K., Waters, J. L., Poole, A. C., Sutter, J. L., Koren, O., Blekhman, R., Beaumont, M., Van Treuren, W., Knight, R., Bell, J. T., et al. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.053 · Cited by 3,164 · see citing works
Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice
Gao, Z., Yin, J., Zhang, J., Ward, R. E., Martin, R. J., Lefevre, M., Cefalu, W. T., & Ye, J. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-1637 · Cited by 2,204 · see citing works
Bariatric Surgery versus Intensive Medical Therapy for Diabetes — 3-Year Outcomes
Schauer, P. R., Bhatt, D. L., Kirwan, J. P., Wolski, K., Brethauer, S. A., Navaneethan, S. D., Aminian, A., Pothier, C. E., Kim, E. S. H., Nissen, S. E., et al. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1401329 · Cited by 1,901 · see citing works
Human gut microbiota in obesity and after gastric bypass
Zhang, H., DiBaise, J. K., Zuccolo, A., Kudrna, D., Braidotti, M., Yu, Y., Parameswaran, P., Crowell, M. D., Wing, R., Rittmann, B. E., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0812600106 · Cited by 1,880 · see citing works
Mechanick, J. I., Youdim, A., Jones, D. B., Garvey, W. T., Hurley, D. L., McMahon, M. M., Heinberg, L. J., Kushner, R., Adams, T. D., Shikora, S., et al. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20461 · Cited by 1,650 · see citing works
Bacteria as vitamin suppliers to their host: A gut microbiota perspective
LeBlanc, J. G., Milani, C., de Giori, G. S., Sesma, F., van Sinderen, D., & Ventura, M. (2013) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2012.08.005 · Cited by 1,613 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The influence of the gut microbiota is better exemplified at the metabolic level, since the microbiota synthesizes vitamins and amino acids absorbed by the epithelium (LeBlanc et al., 2013).”
BackgroundAssessment of Soil Microbial Community Structure by Use of Taxon-Specific Quantitative PCR Assays
Fierer, N., Jackson, J. A., Vilgalys, R. J., & Jackson, R. B. (2005) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.71.7.4117-4120.2005 · Cited by 1,571 · see citing works
Differential Adaptation of Human Gut Microbiota to Bariatric Surgery–Induced Weight Loss
Furet, J.-P., Kong, L.-C., Tap, J., Poitou, C., Basdevant, A., Bouillot, J.-L., Mariat, D., Corthier, G., Doré, J., Henegar, C., et al. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db10-0253 · Cited by 1,173 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…research has been done on SG. Previous clinical studies have shown clear alterations in the 309 microbiota associated to these treatments, especially in Proteobacteria (such as E. coli) (Zhang et 310 al., 2009; Furet et al., 2010; Kong et al., 2013; Tremaroli et al., 2015; Palleja et al., 2016).”
BackgroundResultRinttilä, T., Kassinen, A., Malinen, E., Krogius-Kurikka, L., & Palva, A. (2004) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02409.x · Cited by 1,018 · see citing works
Conserved shifts in the gut microbiota due to gastric bypass reduce host weight and adiposity
Liou, A. P., Paziuk, M., Luevano, J.-M., Machineni, S., Turnbaugh, P. J., & Kaplan, L. M. (2013) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3005687 · Cited by 1,007 · see citing works
The Association between Job Strain and Atrial Fibrillation: Results from the Swedish WOLF Study
Fransson, E. I., Stadin, M. R., Nordin, M., Malm, D., Knutsson, A., Alfredsson, L. S., & Westerholm, P. J. M. (2015) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2015/371905 · Cited by 922 · see citing works
Meta‐analyses of human gut microbes associated with obesity and IBD
Walters, W. A., Xu, Z., & Knight, R. (2014) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2014.09.039 · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Schneeberger, M., Everard, A., Gómez-Valadés, A. G., Matamoros, S., Ramírez, S., Delzenne, N. M., Gomis, R., Claret, M., & Cani, P. D. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep16643 · Cited by 798 · see citing works
The role of pH in determining the species composition of the human colonic microbiota
Duncan, S. H., Louis, P., Thomson, J. M., & Flint, H. J. (2009) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01931.x · Cited by 786 · see citing works
Tremaroli, V., Karlsson, F., Werling, M., Ståhlman, M., Kovatcheva-Datchary, P., Olbers, T., Fändriks, L., le Roux, C. W., Nielsen, J., & Bäckhed, F. (2015) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.07.009 · Cited by 757 · see citing works
Mechanick, J. I., Youdim, A., Jones, D. B., Garvey, W. T., Hurley, D. L., McMahon, M. M., Heinberg, L. J., Kushner, R. F., Adams, T. D., Shikora, S. A., et al. (2013) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2012.12.010 · Cited by 701 · see citing works
Review article: short chain fatty acids in health and disease
Cook, & Sellin (1998) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1998.00337.x · Cited by 622 · see citing works
Advancing Our Understanding of the Human Microbiome Using QIIME
Navas-Molina, J. A., Peralta‐Sánchez, J. M., González, A., McMurdie, P. J., Vázquez‐Baeza, Y., Xu, Z. Z., Ursell, L. K., Lauber, C. L., Zhou, H., Song, S. J., et al. (2013) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407863-5.00019-8 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
A dynamic and intricate regulatory network determines Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence
Balasubramanian, D., Schneper, L. M., Kumari, H., & Mathee, K. (2012) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gks1039 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
Gastric Banding or Bypass? A Systematic Review Comparing the Two Most Popular Bariatric Procedures
Tice, J. A., Karliner, L., Walsh, J. H., Petersen, A. J., & Feldman, M. D. (2008) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.05.036 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Metabolic surgery profoundly influences gut microbial–host metabolic cross-talk
Li, J. V., Ashrafian, H., Bueter, M., Kinross, J. K., Sands, C. J., le Roux, C. W., Bloom, S. R., Darzi, A. W., Athanasiou, T., Marchesi, J. R., et al. (2011) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2010.234708 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Improvement of phylum- and class-specific primers for real-time PCR quantification of bacterial taxa
Gregoris, T. B. D., Aldred, N., Clare, A. S., & Burgess, J. G. (2011) · Journal of Microbiological Methods · doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2011.06.010 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Graessler, J., Qin, Y., Zhong, H., Zhang, J., Licinio, J., Wong, M.-L., Xu, A., Chavakis, T., Bornstein, A. B., Ehrhart-Bornstein, M., et al. (2013) · The Pharmacogenomics Journal · doi:10.1038/tpj.2012.43 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Kong, L.-C., Tap, J., Aron-Wisnewsky, J., Pelloux, V., Basdevant, A., Bouillot, J.-L., Zucker, J.-D., Doré, J., & Clément, K. (2013) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.058743 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
Weight Gain After Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Alang, N., & Kelly, C. R. (2015) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofv004 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Bariatric surgery and reduction in morbidity and mortality: experiences from the SOS study
Sjöström, L. (2008) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2008.244 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Sleeve Gastrectomy for Morbid Obesity
Gumbs, A. A., Gagner, M., Dakin, G. F., & Pomp, A. (2007) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-007-9151-x · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Demigné, C., Morand, C., Levrat, M.-A., Besson, C., Moundras, C., & Rémésy, C. (1995) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn19950124 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Greninger, A. L., Messacar, K., Dunnebacke, T. H., Naccache, S. N., Federman, S., Bouquet, J., Mirsky, D. M., Nomura, Y., Yagi, S., Glaser, C. A., et al. (2016) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-015-0257-9 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Miquel, S., Leclerc, M., Martín, R., Chain, F., Lenoir, M., Raguideau, S., Hudault, S., Bridonneau, C., Northen, T. R., Bowen, B. P., et al. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00300-15 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Pallejá, A., Kashani, A., Allin, K. H., Nielsen, T., Zhang, C., Li, Y., Brach, T., Liang, S., Feng, Q., Jørgensen, N. B., et al. (2016) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0312-1 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Role of Gut Microbiota in the Aetiology of Obesity: Proposed Mechanisms and Review of the Literature
Khan, M. J., Gerasimidis, K., Edwards, C. A., & Shaikh, M. G. (2016) · Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1155/2016/7353642 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Short chain fatty acids and colonic health
Hijová, E., & Chmelařová, A. (2007) · Bratislavské lekárske listy/Bratislava medical journal · doi:10.1007/bf03656953 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Damms-Machado, A., Mitra, S., Schollenberger, A. E., Kramer, K. M., Meile, T., Königsrainer, A., Huson, D. H., & Bischoff, S. C. (2015) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2015/806248 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Fushimi, T., Suruga, K., Oshima, Y., FUKIHARU, M., Tsukamoto, Y., & Goda, T. (2006) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn20061740 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Concepts for biocontrol in marine environments: is there a way forward?
Atalah, J., Hopkins, G. A., Fletcher, L., Castinel, A., & Forrest, B. M. (2015) · Management of Biological Invasions · doi:10.3391/mbi.2015.6.1.01 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Propionate lowers blood glucose and alters lipid metabolism in healthy subjects
Todesco, T., Rao, A., Bosello, O., & Jenkins, D. (1991) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/54.5.860 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Tran, D. D., Nwokeabia, I. D., Purnell, S., Zafar, S. N., Ortega, G., Hughes, K., & Fullum, T. M. (2016) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-016-2201-5 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Boza, C., Salinas, J., Salgado, N., Pérez, G., Raddatz, A., Funke, R., Pimentel, F., & Ibañez, L. A. (2012) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-012-0591-6 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Self-citationRobertson, K. A., Hsieh, W. Y., Forster, T., Blanc, M., Lu, H., Crick, P. J., Yutuc, E., Watterson, S., Martin, K., Griffiths, S. J., et al. (2016) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002364 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Lager, C. J., Esfandiari, N. H., Subauste, A. R., Kraftson, A. T., Brown, M. B., Cassidy, R. B., Nay, C. K., Lockwood, A. L., Varban, O. A., & Oral, E. A. (2016) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-016-2265-2 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Shao, Y., Ding, R., Xu, B., Hua, R., Shen, Q., He, K., & Yao, Q. (2016) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-016-2297-7 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Escalona, A., Devaud, N. A., Pérez, G., Crovari, F. J., Boza, C., Paola Viviani, G., Ibañez, L. A., & Guzmán, S. (2007) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2007.04.005 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationBariatric surgery for treatment of obesity
Eldar, S., Heneghan, H. M., Brethauer, S. A., & Schauer, P. R. (2011) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.142 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Severe Obesity: The Neglected Epidemic
Kral, J. G., Kava, R., Catalano, P. M., & MOORE, B. J. (2012) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000338566 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Breastfeeding Practices among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders
Adams, I. K. R., Okoli, C. T. C., Dulin, A., Linares, A. M., Tanaka, K., Polanin, J. R., & Koempel, A. (2016) · Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1155/2016/2489021 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Attaiech, L., Minnen, A., Kjos, M., et al. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00662-15 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Response of Germfree, Conventional, Conventionalized and E. coli Monocontaminated Mice to Starvation
Tennant, B. C., Malm, O. J., Horowitz, R. E., & Levenson, S. Μ. (1968) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/94.2.151 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Ohlsson, B., Sjöberg, K., Alm, R., & Fredrikson, G. N. (2011) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01744.x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Shikora, S. A. (2015) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-015-1987-x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Thomson, P., Santibañez, R., Aguirre, C., Galgani, J. E., & Garrido, D. (2019) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114519001570 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationShen, N., Caixàs, A., Ahlers, M., Patel, K., Gao, Z., Dutia, R., Blaser, M. J., Clemente, J. C., & Laferrère, B. (2019) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2019.05.038 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects
Biobaku, F., Ghanim, H., Monte, S. V., Caruana, J. A., & Dandona, P. (2020) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvaa049 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Incretin Hormones, Obesity and Gut Microbiota
Angelini, G., Russo, S., & Mingrone, G. (2024) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171216 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
- Authors
- Medina, D. A., Pedreros, J. P., Turiel, D., Quezada, N., Pimentel, F., Escalona, A., & Garrido, D.
- Affiliations
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL)
- Department of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad de Los Andes, Chile (CL)
- Corresponding author
- Garrido, Daniel
- Venue
- PeerJ
- Publisher
- PeerJ
- Published
- 2017-06-20
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- e3443
- ISSN
- 2167-8359 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5480389
- OpenAlex
- W2636276797
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PeerJ (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Proyecto Interdisciplina UC (10/2013)
- Fondecyt Postdoctorado (3160525)
- Fondecyt de Iniciacion (11130518)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, obesity, bariatric surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, dietary therapy, weight loss, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, glucose metabolism, 16S rRNA gene sequencing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
