Cited by 1,375Mental Health Treatment and AccessEmployment and Welfare StudiesHealth disparities and outcomes

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Poverty and common mental disorders in low and middle income countries: A systematic review

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Lund, Crick, Breen, Alison, Flisher, Alan J., Kakuma, Ritsuko, Corrigall, Joanne, Joska, John A., Swartz, Leslie, Patel, Vikram·2010·Social Science & Medicine

DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.027PMC PMC4991761

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Abstract

In spite of high levels of poverty in low and middle income countries (LMIC), and the high burden posed by common mental disorders (CMD), it is only in the last two decades that research has emerged that empirically addresses the relationship between poverty and CMD in these countries. We conducted a systematic review of the epidemiological literature in LMIC, with the aim of examining this relationship. Of 115 studies that were reviewed, most reported positive associations between a range of poverty indicators and CMD. In community-based studies, 73% and 79% of studies reported positive associations between a variety of poverty measures and CMD, 19% and 15% reported null associations and 8% and 6% reported negative associations, using bivariate and multivariate analyses respectively. However, closer examination of specific poverty dimensions revealed a complex picture, in which there was substantial variation between these dimensions. While variables such as education, food insecurity, housing, social class, socio-economic status and financial stress exhibit a relatively consistent and strong association with CMD, others such as income, employment and particularly consumption are more equivocal. There are several measurement and population factors that may explain variation in the strength of the relationship between poverty and CMD. By presenting a systematic review of the literature, this paper attempts to shift the debate from questions about whether poverty is associated with CMD in LMIC, to questions about which particular dimensions of poverty carry the strongest (or weakest) association. The relatively consistent association between CMD and a variety of poverty dimensions in LMIC serves to strengthen the case for the inclusion of mental health on the agenda of development agencies and in international targets such as the millenium development goals.

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Authors: Lund, C., Breen, A., Flisher, A. J., Kakuma, R., Corrigall, J., Joska, J. A., Swartz, L., & Patel, V.
Affiliations: University of Cape Town (ZA)
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
Stellenbosch University (ZA)
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
Corresponding author: Lund, Crick
ORCID: Lund, Crick
Breen, Alison
Kakuma, Ritsuko
Joska, John A.
Swartz, Leslie
Patel, Vikram
Venue: Social Science & Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-08
Volume: 71
Issue: 3
Pages: 517-528
ISSN: 0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.027
PMC: PMC4991761
OpenAlex: W2068380169
Cited by: 1,375
References: 114
Citations by year: 2026: 93 · 2025: 138 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 122 · 2020: 174 · 2019: 95 · 2018: 86 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 38
FWCI: 4.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders: UK Department for International Development (DfID)
Western Cape Department of Health
International Development Research Council
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Employment and Welfare Studies
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords: poverty, common mental disorders, low- and middle-income countries, poverty dimensions, food insecurity, housing, social class, socioeconomic status, financial stress, Millennium Development Goals
MeSH terms: Mental Disorders, Developing Countries, Humans, Poverty, Multivariate Analysis, Health Status Disparities

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Poverty and common mental disorders in low and middle income countries: A systematic review

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