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Cited by 1,070Iron Metabolism and DisordersTrace Elements in HealthHeavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 100 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Iron metabolism and toxicity

Papanikolaou, G., Pantopoulos, K.·2005·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
DOI 10.1016/j.taap.2004.06.021
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Abstract

Iron is an essential nutrient with limited bioavailability. When present in excess, iron poses a threat to cells and tissues, and therefore iron homeostasis has to be tightly controlled. Iron's toxicity is largely based on its ability to catalyze the generation of radicals, which attack and damage cellular macromolecules and promote cell death and tissue injury. This is lucidly illustrated in diseases of iron overload, such as hereditary hemochromatosis or transfusional siderosis, where excessive iron accumulation results in tissue damage and organ failure. Pathological iron accumulation in the liver has also been linked to the development of hepatocellular cancer. Here we provide a background on the biology and toxicity of iron and the basic concepts of iron homeostasis at the cellular and systemic level. In addition, we provide an overview of the various disorders of iron overload, which are directly linked to iron's toxicity. Finally, we discuss the potential role of iron in malignant transformation and cancer.

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Metadata

Authors
Papanikolaou, G., & Pantopoulos, K.
Affiliations
  • National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
  • Jewish General Hospital (CA)
Corresponding author
Pantopoulos, K.
ORCID
Venue
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-01
Volume
202
Issue
2
Pages
199-211
ISSN
0041-008X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.taap.2004.06.021
OpenAlex
W2077328361
Cited by
1,070
References
101
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 140 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 44
FWCI
2.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Keywords
iron metabolism, iron homeostasis, iron toxicity, iron overload, hereditary hemochromatosis, oxidative stress, free radicals, hepatocellular carcinoma, malignant transformation, iron bioavailability
MeSH terms
Animals, Free Radicals, Humans, Iron, Liver, Oxidative Stress, Iron Overload

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