Sleep Spindles and Memory Reprocessing
Open accessAbstract
We propose a framework for the memory function of spindle oscillations during sleep. In this framework, memories are reinstated by spindle events and further reprocessed during subsequent spindle refractory periods. We posit that spindle refractoriness is crucial for protecting memory reprocessing from interference. We further argue that temporally-coordinated spindle refractory periods across local networks facilitate the consolidation of rich, multimodal representations, and that localized spindle refractoriness optimizes oscillatory interactions that support systems consolidation in the sleeping brain.
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Contemporary models of sleep-associated memory processing propose that memories are reactivated during sleep and thereby integrated into long-term storage.
“Contemporary models of sleep-associated memory processing propose that memories are reactivated during sleep, and thereby integrated into long-term storage [5,12–16].”
From Sleep bolsters schematically incongruent memories (2022) · cites this paper as [16]
Cites
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“The Active Systems model, for instance, postulates that memory consolidation in sleep is driven by finely-tuned interactions between spindles, slow oscillations (SOs, <1 Hz), and sharp wave-ripple complexes (hereafter, ripples; 80–100 Hz in humans [1]).”
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Memory consolidation is linked to spindle-mediated information processing during sleep
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Sleep spindle refractoriness segregates periods of memory reactivation
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Bidirectional prefrontal-hippocampal dynamics organize information transfer during sleep in humans
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Memory consolidation as an adaptive process
Cowan, E. T., Schapiro, A. C., Dunsmoor, J. E., & Murty, V. P. (2021) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-021-01978-x · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Targeted memory reactivation during sleep elicits neural signals related to learning content
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Self-citationSpindle-dependent memory consolidation in healthy adults: a meta-analysis
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Sleep bolsters schematically incongruent memories
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Self-citationOccipital sleep spindles predict sequence learning in a visuo-motor task
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- Authors
- Antony, J. W., Schönauer, M., Staresina, B. P., & Cairney, S. A.
- Affiliations
- Princeton University (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- University of York (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Cairney, Scott A.
- Venue
- Trends in Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-3
- ISSN
- 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2897649821
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 6.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- CV Starr Fellowship
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Research Fellowship
- Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellowship (107672/Z/15/Z)
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Career Development Award (MR/P020208/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- sleep spindles, memory reprocessing, memory consolidation, systems consolidation
- MeSH terms
- Memory Consolidation, Animals, Brain, Electroencephalography, Hippocampus, Humans, Memory, Sleep
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