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Cited by 99Neuroendocrine regulation and behaviorStress Responses and CortisolAttachment and Relationship Dynamics

Experiential and hormonal correlates of maternal behavior in teen and adult mothers

Krpan, Katherine M., Coombs, Rosemarie, Zinga, Dawn, Steiner, Meir, Fleming, Alison S.·2005·Hormones and Behavior
DOI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.08.006
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Abstract

This study explores the role of cortisol and early life experiences in the regulation of maternal behavior and mood in teen and adult mothers. Primiparous mothers (n=119) (teen mothers < 19 years, n=42), young mothers (19-25 years, n= 4), and mature mothers, (>25 years, n=43) were assessed for their maternal behavior, mood, and hormonal profile at approximately 6 weeks postpartum. Outcome measures were analyzed as a function of age and early life experience. Results showed an interaction between age and type of maternal behavior, where teen mothers engaged in more instrumental (e.g. changing diapers, adjusting clothes) less affectionate (e.g., stroking, kissing, patting) behavior, and mature mothers engaged in more affectionate and less instrumental behavior. When groups were reassessed based on early life experience (consistency of care during the first 12 years of life: consistent care; having at least one consistent caregiver, inconsistent care; having multiple and changing caregivers), an interaction was also found between consistency of care and type of behavior shown, where mothers who received inconsistent care engaged in more instrumental and less affectionate behavior. Compared to mature mothers, teen mothers who were breast feeding also had higher salivary cortisol levels, and high cortisol in teen mothers related to decreased fatigue and increased energy. These results suggest that early life experiences are linked to mothering behavior and are consistent with the emerging human and animal literature on intergenerational effects of mothering style.

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  • High CORT levels among mothers who had frequent changes in their caregivers as children were associated with negative emotions and less responsive parenting.

    “Indeed, high CORT levels among mothers who had frequent changes in their caregivers as children were associated with negative emotions and less responsive parenting (10).”

    From Neuroendocrinology of Parental Response to Baby‐Cry (2011) · cites this paper as [10]

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Authors
Krpan, K. M., Coombs, R., Zinga, D., Steiner, M., & Fleming, A. S.
Affiliations
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • St Joseph's Health Care (CA)
Corresponding author
Fleming, Alison S.
ORCID
Venue
Hormones and Behavior
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-01
Volume
47
Issue
1
Pages
112-122
ISSN
0018-506X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.08.006
OpenAlex
W2032140959
Cited by
98
References
62
Citations by year
2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
FWCI
5.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Hormones and Behavior (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Keywords
adolescent mothers, adolescent motherhood, maternal behavior, cortisol, early life experience, intergenerational effects, postpartum mood, salivary cortisol, breastfeeding, maternal age
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Analysis of Variance, Breast Feeding, Family Relations, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Maternal Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Pregnancy, Pregnancy in Adolescence, Stress, Psychological, Postpartum Period

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