Cited by 146Cardiac Ischemia and ReperfusionMitochondrial Function and PathologyCell death mechanisms and regulation

Cardioprotection by metabolic shut-down and gradual wake-up

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Burwell, Lindsay S., Nadtochiy, Sergiy M., Brookes, Paul S.·2009·Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology

Abstract

Mitochondria play a critical role in cardiac function, and are also increasingly recognized as end effectors for various cardioprotective signaling pathways. Mitochondria use oxygen as a substrate, so by default their respiration is inhibited during hypoxia/ischemia. However, at reperfusion a surge of oxygen and metabolic substrates into the cell is thought to lead to rapid reestablishment of respiration, a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload. Subsequently these events precipitate opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) pore, which leads to myocardial cell death and dysfunction. Given that mitochondrial respiration is already inhibited during hypoxia/ischemia, it is somewhat surprising that many respiratory inhibitors can improve recovery from ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. In addition ischemic preconditioning (IPC), in which short non-lethal cycles of IR can protect against subsequent prolonged IR injury, is known to lead to endogenous inhibition of several respiratory complexes and glycolysis. This has led to a hypothesis that the wash-out of inhibitors or reversal of endogenous inhibition at reperfusion may afford protection by facilitating a more gradual wake-up of mitochondrial function, thereby avoiding a burst of ROS and Ca(2+) overload. This paper will review the evidence in support of this hypothesis, with a focus on inhibition of each of the mitochondrial respiratory complexes.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.02.026

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  • Diazoxide transiently induces increased ROS production, consistent with mitochondria-derived ROS being involved in cardioprotective signaling during ischemic and pharmacological preconditioning.

    “Diazoxide transiently induces increased ROS production [43,[131][132][133], which is in agreement with the view that mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species are involved in cardioprotective signaling during ischemic and pharmacological preconditioning (overview in [8,39,40]).”
  • Mitochondria are a physiologically significant source of ROS with important implications in physiology, not only in cardiovascular disease but in many other conditions like aging.

    “Mitochondria are a physiologically significant source of ROS with important implications in physiology, not only in cardiovascular disease but in many other conditions like aging (57, 84, 136, 165, 170, 290, 864, 997).”
  • NO inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, decreases mitochondrial ROS formation, and limits apoptotic cytochrome c release.

    “NO is a well-characterized regulator of mitochondrial function that inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, decreases mitochondrial ROS formation, and limits apoptotic cytochrome c release [32–36].”
  • NO metabolism in the mitochondria plays a key role in regulating cellular respiration, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and transmembrane pH gradient.

    “NO metabolism in the mitochondria plays a key role in regulating cellular respiration, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and transmembrane pH gradient [35].”

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Authors
Burwell, L. S., Nadtochiy, S. M., & Brookes, P. S.
Affiliations
University of Rochester Medicine (US)
Venue
Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-06
Volume
46
Issue
6
Pages
804-810
ISSN
0022-2828 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2092708055
Cited by
146
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 13
FWCI
1.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL071158)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Keywords
cardioprotection, ischemia-reperfusion injury, mitochondrial respiration, ischemic preconditioning, mitochondrial permeability transition pore, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial calcium overload, hypoxia-ischemia, respiratory inhibitors, myocardial cell death, glycolysis inhibition
MeSH terms
Electron Transport Complex IV, Glycolysis, Mitochondria, Models, Biological, Nitric Oxide, Electron Transport Complex III, Myocardial Reperfusion Injury, Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial, Electron Transport Complex II, Electron Transport Complex I

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