Dependence potential of nicotine replacement treatments: effects of product type, patient characteristics, and cost to user
Abstract
Objective To assess the extent of long-term use of different nicotine replacement treatment products in smokers attending routine smoking cessation treatment and to examine the effect of nicotine replacement treatment cost on its long-term use.Method 1518 consecutive patients prescribed nicotine replacement treatment at the East London Smokers' Clinic between January 2000 and November 2002 were followed up at 1-year.Results The rates of long-term use ranged from 2% for patch to 13% for nasal spray. Long-term use of nicotine replacement treatment was significantly more likely in more dependent smokers. Treatment cost, and whether it was provided free of charge, had no significant effect on its long-term use.Conclusions Long-term use of nicotine replacement treatment is not uncommon. Its occurrence seems positively related to speed of nicotine delivery of individual products. For self-selected highly dependent smokers, long-term use of nicotine replacement treatment may be a necessary precondition for maintaining long-term abstinence. The findings have financial and clinical implications for providers of smoking cessation services.
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In a previous national evaluation of SSSs in England (Nottingham and North Cumbria, 2002), self-reported longer-term NRT use at 1 year was 5%.
“In our previous 'national' evaluation of SSSs in England, conducted in Nottingham and North Cumbria in 2002, self-reported longer-term NRT use at 1 year was just 5%.106”
From Evaluating Long-term Outcomes of NHS Stop Smoking Services (ELONS): a prospective cohort study (2015) · cites this paper as [106]
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- Authors
- Hajek, P., McRobbie, H., & Gillison, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- University of Bath (GB)
- Corresponding author
- McRobbie, Hayden
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 230-234
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2138725833
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Keywords
- nicotine replacement therapy, long-term use, nicotine dependence, smoking cessation, nicotine patch, nicotine nasal spray, treatment costs, smoking abstinence, patient characteristics
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Administration, Cutaneous, Administration, Intranasal, Administration, Sublingual, Adult, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Female, Humans, London, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine, Social Support, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Tobacco Use Disorder, Program Evaluation, Substance Abuse Treatment Centers, Smoking Cessation, Treatment Outcome
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