The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A cluster randomized controlled trial of strategies to increase adolescents' physical activity and motivation in physical education: Results of the Motivating Active Learning in Physical Education (MALP) trial
Open accessAbstract
Objective Physical education (PE) programs aim to promote physical activity (PA) and reach most school-aged youth. However, PA levels within PE lessons are often low. In this cluster-randomized controlled trial, we examined the effects of three self-determination theory-based motivational strategies on PA and sedentary behavior, as well as their hypothesized antecedents during PE lessons.Methods Data were collected in Sydney, Australia (October-December 2011). After baseline testing, teachers (n=16) and their classes (n=288 students; M=13.6 years, 50.4% male) were randomly assigned to one of four teaching strategy conditions: (1) explaining relevance; (2) providing choice; (3) complete free choice; or (4) usual practice. Teachers then delivered the assigned strategy. Primary outcomes were accelerometer-assessed PA and student motivation during lessons. Secondary outcomes included sedentary behavior, perceptions of teachers' support and psychological needs satisfaction.Results The 'free choice' intervention increased PA (p<.05). 'Providing choice' and 'free choice' interventions decreased sedentary behavior (p<.05). The interventions did not influence motivation, but students' autonomy increased during both choice-based interventions (p<.05).Conclusions Promoting choice can produce short-term increases in PA and decreases in sedentary behavior, as well as increased perceived autonomy during PE lessons.
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In the citing paper
“Furthermore, providing students with brief periods of complete free choice increases their MVPA compared with a lesson led by the teacher [101, 102].”
In the citing paper
“Experimental evidence shows that providing students with the opportunity to select their activities from a range of options provided by the teacher increases their total physical activity during PE lessons [101, 102].”
In the citing paper
“This study randomized students to different teaching strategy interventions, blinded students to alternative intervention options and also assessed intervention fidelity using blinded assessors.”
From The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a mixed-studies systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“This study randomized students to different teaching strategy interventions, blinded students to alternative intervention options and also assessed intervention fidelity using blinded assessors.”
From The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a mixed-studies systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“This study also utilized an objective physical activity measure, which was where a number of other experimental studies fell short 26, 27, 28, 29.”
From The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a mixed-studies systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Most of the 11 experimental studies were of moderate quality; only one PE‐based study was deemed of high quality 25.”
From The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a mixed-studies systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“This study randomized students to different teaching strategy interventions, blinded students to alternative intervention options and also assessed intervention fidelity using blinded assessors.”
From The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a mixed-studies systematic review (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
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BackgroundCONSORT statement: extension to cluster randomised trials
Campbell, M. K., Elbourne, D. R., & Altman, D. G. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7441.702 · Cited by 2,557 · cited 1×
“Using an alpha of .05, an estimated correlation of r = .5 (Lonsdale et al., 2009), and an anticipated intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.1 (Campbell et al., 2004), we expected that a sample of 258 students was required for 95% power.”
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“At the conclusion of the 20-minute lessons, students completed questionnaires to measure their motivation towards the PE lesson (primary outcome) (Guay et al., 2000).”
BackgroundAssor, A., Kaplan, H., & Roth, G. (2002) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709902158883 · Cited by 1,109 · cited 1×
“Little experimental evidence from other domains exists, but correlational analyses suggest that relevance may be more important than choice in terms of students’ motivation towards academic subjects (Assor et al., 2002).”
BackgroundPatall, E. A., Cooper, H., & Robinson, J. C. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.270 · Cited by 1,101
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“Research aimed at boosting MVPA and motivation has shown that offering children choices in PE classes is an effective strategy that also reduces SB (Lonsdale et al., 2013b).”
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“A study by Lonsdaleand colleagues [47] assessed the change inperceived autonomy support among adolescents enrolled in physical education programs.”
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Self-citationKolovelonis, A., Syrmpas, I., Marcuzzi, A., Khudair, M., Ng, K., Tempest, G. D., Perić, R., Bartos̆, F., Maier, M., Brandes, M., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26739351
Castilho dos Santos, G., de Souza Silva, T. M., da Silva, J. M., de Oliveira Barbosa, R., Kennedy, S. G., Lubans, D. R., & Stabelini Neto, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26748077
Self-citationCastilho dos Santos, G., de Souza Silva, T. M., da Silva, J. M., de Oliveira Barbosa, R., Kennedy, S. G., Lubans, D. R., & Stabelini Neto, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26748080
Self-citationdos Santos, G. C., de Souza Silva, T. M., da Silva, J. M., de Oliveira Barbosa, R., Kennedy, S. G., Lubans, D. R., & Stabelini Neto, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26264932
Self-citationButtazzoni, A. N., Pham, J., Ferguson, K. N., & Gilliland, J. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5166425
Kolovelonis, A., Syrmpas, I., Marcuzzi, A., Khudair, M., Ng, K., Tempest, G. D., Perić, R., Bartos̆, F., Maier, M., Brandes, M., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26739345
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“[ 40] Resource availability in school physical education curricula “attention to physical education (PE) programs in school will be crucial for developing well-rounded students… Financial support is essential for schools to be able to employ a sufficient number of well-trained PE professionals, and…”
InfluentialStandage, M., Hagger, M. S., Chan, D. K. C., & Lee, A. (2020) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
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“The core problem lies in the insufficient understanding of how specific training structure parameters — particularly the sequencing of exercise modalities and the progression of load — determine physical fitness outcomes (Granacher & Borde, 2017; Lonsdale et al., 2013).”
InfluentialBeyond the Desk: Effects of the BALA+ Classroom-Based Intervention on Primary School Children
Belenguer-Troya, A., Montalt-García, S., Bisquert-Martínez, M. M., Menescardi, C., & Estevan, I. (2026) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app16147237
Zhou, B., Wang, N., Xiaobing, L., & Jing, Z. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16081331
“…trials suggest that autonomy-supportive or need-supportive teaching may influence students’ perceived need support, autonomous motivation, engagement, and selected activity-related outcomes, although findings vary across interventions and contexts (Abula et al., 2020; Lonsdale et al., 2013).”
Identifying Optimal Physical Activity Programming Structure in Three Bronx Middle Schools
Marcelis, T., Moon, J.-Y., Yamron, E., Viswanathan, S., & Rieder, J. (2026) · Childhood Obesity · doi:10.1177/21532176261495391
Nolan, R., Peralta, L. R., & Barkell, J. F. (2026) · Journal of Teaching in Physical Education · doi:10.1123/jtpe.2025-0602
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Lonsdale, C., Rosenkranz, R. R., Sanders, T., Peralta, L. R., Bennie, A., Jackson, B., Taylor, I. M., & Lubans, D. R.
- Affiliations
- Western Sydney University (AU)
- Kansas State University (US)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Loughborough University (GB)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Lonsdale, Chris
- ORCID
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 696-702
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4246195433
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 87 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 9.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- dspace.lboro.ac.uk
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Social Sciences › Education › Physical Education and Pedagogy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- physical activity, physical education, adolescent motivation, self-determination theory, student choice, freedom of choice, autonomy, sedentary behavior, teacher support, psychological need satisfaction
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