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A Synthetic Peptide Blocking the Apolipoprotein E/β-Amyloid Binding Mitigates β-Amyloid Toxicity and Fibril Formation in Vitro and Reduces β-Amyloid Plaques in Transgenic Mice
Open accessAbstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta). A major genetic risk factor for sporadic AD is inheritance of the apolipoprotein (apo) E4 allele. ApoE can act as a pathological chaperone of Abeta, promoting its conformational transformation from soluble Abeta into toxic aggregates. We determined if blocking the apoE/Abeta interaction reduces Abeta load in transgenic (Tg) AD mice. The binding site of apoE on Abeta corresponds to residues 12 to 28. To block binding, we synthesized a peptide containing these residues, but substituted valine at position 18 to proline (Abeta12-28P). This changed the peptide's properties, making it non-fibrillogenic and non-toxic. Abeta12-28P competitively blocks binding of full-length Abeta to apoE (IC50 = 36.7 nmol). Furthermore, Abeta12-28P reduces Abeta fibrillogenesis in the presence of apoE, and Abeta/apoE toxicity in cell culture. Abeta12-28P is blood-brain barrier-permeable and in AD Tg mice inhibits Abeta deposition. Tg mice treated with Abeta12-28P for 1 month had a 63.3% reduction in Abeta load in the cortex (P = 0.0043) and a 59.5% (P = 0.0087) reduction in the hippocampus comparing to age-matched control Tg mice. Antibodies against Abeta were not detected in sera of treated mice; therefore the observed therapeutic effect of Abeta12-28P cannot be attributed to an antibody clearance response. Our experiments demonstrate that compounds blocking the interaction between Abeta and its pathological chaperones may be beneficial for treatment of beta-amyloid deposition in AD.
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“The ApoE/Ab binding was blocked with Ab12-28P, which is a nontoxic, synthetic peptide modified for increased blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability and extended serum half-life.16”
From Blocking the Interaction between Apolipoprotein E and Aβ Reduces Intraneuronal Accumulation of Aβ and Inhibits Synaptic Degeneration (2013) · cites this paper as [16]
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“As previously reported, the toxicity of Aβ at micromolar concentration was a potential stumbling block in a recent study.18”
From Amyloid Plaque Imaging with a Targeted MRI Contrast Agent in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
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“To exert its promoting effect on Aβ aggregation and brain deposition, apoE directly interacts with Aβ, binding to its amino-acid residues 12–28 [11,12].”
From Blocking the apoE/Aβ interaction ameliorates Aβ-related pathology in APOE ε2 and ε4 targeted replacement Alzheimer model mice (2014) · cites this paper as [12]
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“Ab12-28P is a nontoxic synthetic peptide that was modified for in vivo application, and its BBB permeability was previously evaluated and reported.16”
From Blocking the Interaction between Apolipoprotein E and Aβ Reduces Intraneuronal Accumulation of Aβ and Inhibits Synaptic Degeneration (2013) · cites this paper as [16]
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Sorted by citations
Blennow, K., de Leon, M. J., & Zetterberg, H. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69113-7 · Cited by 3,134
Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: pathobiology and targeting strategies
Yamazaki, Y., Zhao, N., Caulfield, T. R., Liu, C.-C., & Bu, G. (2019) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-019-0228-7 · Cited by 1,425
ApoE and Aβ in Alzheimer’s Disease: Accidental Encounters or Partners?
Kanekiyo, T., Xu, H., & Bu, G. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.01.045 · Cited by 608
100 Years and Counting: Prospects for Defeating Alzheimer's Disease
Roberson, E. D., & Mucke, L. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1132813 · Cited by 556
Yamamoto, M., Kiyota, T., Horiba, M., Buescher, J. L., Walsh, S. M., Gendelman, H. E., & Ikezu, T. (2007) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.2353/ajpath.2007.060378 · Cited by 367
Metadata
- Authors
- Sadowski, M., Pankiewicz, J., Scholtzova, H., Ripellino, J. A., Li, Y., Schmidt, S. D., Mathews, P. M., Fryer, J. D., Holtzman, D. M., Sigurdsson, E. M., & Wisniewski, T.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Pathology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-09
- Volume
- 165
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 937-948
- ISSN
- 0002-9440 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1618605
- OpenAlex
- W2164642027
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 7.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal Of Pathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AG15408, AG20747, AG13956)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta, apolipoprotein E, APOE ε4, peptide antagonists, amyloid fibril formation, amyloid plaques, transgenic mice, blood-brain barrier permeability, amyloid deposition
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Apolipoproteins E, Astrocytes, Binding Sites, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Competitive Bidding, Female, Half-Life, Humans, Male, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Mutation, Neuroblastoma, Peptide Fragments, Protein Binding, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Presenilin-1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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