Abnormal prefrontal cortex function during response inhibition in turner syndrome: functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence
Abstract
Background Turner syndrome (TuS) arises from the partial or complete absence of one X chromosome. Although neuropsychological studies report impaired attentional function and response inhibition in TuS, the neural correlates of these cognitive problems are unknown.Methods Eleven female subjects with TuS and 11 individually matched normal control subjects were imaged using functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a Go/NoGo task.Results Groups did not differ on accuracy or reaction time; however, the TuS group activated more in the bilateral superior and middle frontal gyri than control subjects. Control subjects did not activate more than the TuS group in any region.Conclusion These findings suggest that female subjects with TuS compensate for executive dysfunction via recruitment of additional prefrontal cortex regions involved in inhibition, attention, and working memory, functions necessary for successful performance of Go/NoGo tasks. Elucidating brain function in TuS will advance our understanding of the influence of X-chromosome genes on neurodevelopment and brain function and contribute to planning future intervention strategies.
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In all human chromosomal aberration syndromes, including trisomies, monosomies, polyploidies, disomies and imprinting errors or sex chromosome anomalies, structural abnormalities of (pre)frontal as well as many other areas are common.
“In all human chromosomal aberration syndromes, including trisomies, monosomies (e.g., Turner syndrome, monosomy 1p36), polyploidies, disomies and imprinting errors or sex chromosome anomalies, structural abnormalities of (pre)frontal as well as many other areas are common [61, 288–292].”
From Development of prefrontal cortex (2022) · cites this paper as [288]
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- Authors
- Tamm, L., Menon, V., & Reiss, A. L.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Reiss, Allan L
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 107-111
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998768302
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-19908, MH-50047, MH01142, K02MH001142, R01MH050047, T32MH019908)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K25HD040761, HD40761, R01HD031715, HD31715)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Keywords
- Turner syndrome, response inhibition, prefrontal cortex, executive dysfunction, go/no-go task, X chromosome, frontal cortex activation, attention, working memory, sex differences in brain function
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuropsychological Tests, Turner Syndrome, Prefrontal Cortex
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