Effects of feeding and insulin on extracellular acetylcholine in the amygdala of freely moving rats
Open accessAbstract
Extracellular levels of acetylcholine (ACh) were measured in the central nucleus of the amygdala using microdialysis in 20-min intervals before, during, and after 1 h feeding in food-deprived rats. The results were compared to the effects of peripheral injections of glucose or 'low' (200 mU) and 'high' (1 U) doses of insulin. Feeding caused a 40% increase in extracellular ACh in the amygdala during the hour-long meal. Acetylcholine returned to baseline 1 h after food was removed. Systemic injections of either glucose or insulin in ad libitum fed rats also resulted in an increase in ACh levels (+50-60%), but with a different time course. Glucose elevated ACh to a plateau within 20 min for an hour's duration; whereas both doses of insulin caused a peak in ACh release in the first 20 min followed by gradual return to baseline. The 'low' and 'high' doses of insulin had similar effects on ACh release even though they had different hypoglycemic potency as measured in blood samples. These results suggest that ACh in the AMY is involved in feeding and the response to glucose utilization.
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Food or sugar intake can increase acetylcholine release in the VTA.
“Food or sugar intake can increase acetylcholine release in the VTA (Hajnal et al. 1998;Rada et al. 2000)”
From Mechanisms of Nicotine Addiction (2021) · cites this paper as Hajnal et al. 1998
There is evidence that extracellular levels of acetylcholine fluctuate in a manner that is not consistent with localized clearance of a synaptic transmitter.
“There is also evidence that extracellular levels of ACh fluctuate in a manner that is not consistent with localized clearance of a synaptic transmitter (Hajnal et al., 1998; Laplante et al., 2004; Mark et al., 1996; Parikh et al., 2004; Reid et al., 1998).”
From Acetylcholine as a Neuromodulator: Cholinergic Signaling Shapes Nervous System Function and Behavior (2012) · cites this paper as Hajnal et al., 1998
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- Authors
- Hajnal, A., Pothos, E. N., Lénárd, L., & Hoebel, B. G.
- Affiliations
- Princeton University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hoebel, Bartley G
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-02
- Volume
- 785
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-48
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2100625880
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ns030697-04)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS30697)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- acetylcholine, amygdala, feeding behavior, insulin, glucose, food deprivation, extracellular neurotransmitter levels, cholinergic neurotransmission
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholine, Amygdala, Animals, Blood Glucose, Brain Mapping, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Eating, Food Deprivation, Glucose, Insulin, Male, Time Factors, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Microdialysis, Rats
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