Low serum carotene level and increased risk of ischemic heart disease related to long-term arsenic exposure
Abstract
To elucidate the association between arsenic-related ischemic heart disease (ISHD) and serum antioxidant micronutrient level, residents aged 30 or older living in arseniasis-hyperendemic villages in Taiwan were recruited in a community-based health survey. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain a history of long-term exposure to arsenic through consuming artesian well water and fasting serum samples were also collected at the recruitment. A total of 74 patients affected with ISHD, who were diagnosed through both electrocardiography and Rose questionnaire interview, and 193 age-sex-matched healthy controls were selected for the examination of serum levels of micronutrients by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). There was a significant biological gradient between the risk of ISHD and the duration of consuming high-arsenic artesian well water. A significant reverse dose-response relationship with arsenic-related ISHD was observed for serum level of alpha- and beta-carotene, but not for serum levels of retinol, lycopene and alpha-tocopherol. Multivariate analysis showed a synergistic interaction on arsenic-related ISHD between duration of consuming artesian well water and low serum carotene level. An increased risk of arsenic-related ISHD was also associated with hypertension and elevated body mass index, but not with serum lipid profile, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. The findings seem to suggest that arsenic-related ISHD has a pathogenic mechanism which is at least partially different from that of ISHD unrelated to long-term exposure to arsenic.
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Long-term arsenic exposure is associated with a range of chronic health effects including hyperpigmentation, palmar and solar keratosis, diarrhoea and vomiting, skin changes and neuropathy, ischemic heart disease, confusion and memory loss, respiratory disease and a higher risk of diabetes.
“Other symptoms may include hyperpigmentation, palmar and solar keratosis, diarrhoea and vomiting, skin changes and neuropathy,36 ischemic heart disease, 38 confusion and memory loss,23 respiratory disease and a higher risk of diabetes.39,40”
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- Authors
- Hsueh, Y.-M., Wu, W.-L., Huang, Y.-L., Chiou, H.-Y., Tseng, C.-H., & Chen, C.-J.
- Affiliations
- Taipei Medical University (TW)
- National Taiwan University Hospital (TW)
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Chien-Jen
- Venue
- Atherosclerosis
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 141
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 249-257
- ISSN
- 0021-9150 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998589461
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Atherosclerosis (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- arsenic exposure, ischemic heart disease, serum carotene, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, antioxidant micronutrients, artesian well water, arseniasis, hypertension, body mass index, dose-response relationship, synergistic interaction, cardiovascular risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Lycopene, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Antioxidants, Arsenic, Carotenoids, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Taiwan, Time Factors, Vitamin A, Vitamin E, Water Supply, Multivariate Analysis, Myocardial Ischemia, beta Carotene
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