Cited by 402Folate and B Vitamins ResearchBiochemical and Molecular ResearchMetabolism and Genetic Disorders

Chapter 1 Folate‐Mediated One‐Carbon Metabolism

Fox, Jennifer T., Stover, Patrick J.·2008·Vitamins & Hormones

Abstract

Tetrahydrofolate (THF) polyglutamates are a family of cofactors that carry and chemically activate one-carbon units for biosynthesis. THF-mediated one-carbon metabolism is a metabolic network of interdependent biosynthetic pathways that is compartmentalized in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. One-carbon metabolism in the cytoplasm is required for the synthesis of purines and thymidylate and the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. One-carbon metabolism in the mitochondria is required for the synthesis of formylated methionyl-tRNA; the catabolism of choline, purines, and histidine; and the interconversion of serine and glycine. Mitochondria are also the primary source of one-carbon units for cytoplasmic metabolism. Increasing evidence indicates that folate-dependent de novo thymidylate biosynthesis occurs in the nucleus of certain cell types. Disruption of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism is associated with many pathologies and developmental anomalies, yet the biochemical mechanisms and causal metabolic pathways responsible for the initiation and/or progression of folate-associated pathologies have yet to be established. This chapter focuses on our current understanding of mammalian folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism, its cellular compartmentation, and knowledge gaps that limit our understanding of one-carbon metabolism and its regulation.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)00401-9

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  • Folate is a crucial constituent of one-carbon metabolism and is important for biosynthesis of purines and thymidylate, and remethylation of homocysteine to methionine.

    “Folate is a crucial constituent of one‐carbon metabolism (OCM) and is important for biosynthesis of purines and thymidylate, and remethylation of homocysteine to methionine (Fox & Stover, 2008; Li, Vijayanathan, Gulinello, & Cole, 2010).”
  • Since MTX is delivered through all phases of ALL treatment, folate metabolism may be altered for an extended period, possibly resulting in build-up of homocysteine and/or secondary metabolic alterations.

    “Since MTX is delivered through all phases of ALL treatment, folate metabolism may be altered for an extended period, possibly resulting in build‐up of homocysteine (Fox & Stover, 2008; Krull et al., 2016; Li et al., 2010; Steinfeld et al., 2009), and/or secondary metabolic alterations (van der Plas et al., 2015; Steinfeld et al., 2009; Strain et al., 2013).”

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Authors
Fox, J. T., & Stover, P. J.
Affiliations
Cornell University (US)
Venue
Vitamins & Hormones
Publisher
Elsevier
Published
2008
Volume
79
Pages
1-44
ISSN
0083-6729 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3975443
Cited by
402
References
269
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 18
FWCI
62.82
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Vitamins and hormones (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK58144)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Keywords
folic acid, one-carbon metabolism, thymidylate synthesis, purine biosynthesis, homocysteine remethylation, methionine biosynthesis, histidine catabolism, mitochondrial metabolism, folate deficiency, developmental anomalies
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Folic Acid, Mammals, Mitochondria, One-Carbon Group Transferases

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