Cited by 332Neurobiology and Insect Physiology ResearchMemory and Neural MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

The amnesiac Gene Product Is Expressed in Two Neurons in the Drosophila Brain that Are Critical for Memory

Open access
Waddell, Scott, Armstrong, J.Douglas, Kitamoto, Toshihiro, Kaiser, Kim, Quinn, William G.·2000·Cell

Abstract

Mutations in the amnesiac gene in Drosophila affect both memory retention and ethanol sensitivity. The predicted amnesiac gene product, AMN, is an apparent preproneuropeptide, and previous studies suggest that it stimulates cAMP synthesis. Here we show that, unlike other learning-related Drosophila proteins, AMN is not preferentially expressed in mushroom bodies. Instead, it is strongly expressed in two large neurons that project over all the lobes of the mushroom bodies, a finding that suggests a modulatory role for AMN in memory formation. Genetically engineered blockade of vesicle recycling in these cells abbreviates memory as in the amnesiac mutant. Moreover, restoration of amn gene expression to these cells reestablishes normal olfactory memory in an amn deletion background. These results indicate that AMN neuropeptide release onto the mushroom bodies is critical for normal olfactory memory.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00183-5

Cites

54 of 54 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Co-transmission of a fast-acting transmitter and a neuropeptide was more common.

    “Co-transmission of a fast-acting transmitter and a neuropeptide was more common, e.g., Kenyon cells (at least acetylcholine, sparkly and short neuropeptide F),21,25,55,164 the dorsal paired medial (DPM) neuron (GABA, serotonin, sparkly, nplp1, proctolin, orcokinin, eclosion hormone, CG34136)25,56,60 and most central complex, mushroom body output and mushroom body dopaminergic neurons.25,157”
  • DPM has been found to express the fast-acting transmitter GABA, the monoamine serotonin and several neuropeptides (sparkly, nplp1, proctolin, orcokinin, eclosion hormone, CG34136).

    “DPM has been found to express the fast-acting transmitter GABA the monoamine serotonin and several neuropeptides (sparkly, nplp1, proctolin, orcokinin, eclosion hormone, CG34136).25,56,60”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Waddell, S., Armstrong, J. D., Kitamoto, T., Kaiser, K., & Quinn, W. G.
Affiliations
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
  • University of Glasgow (GB)
  • Beckman Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Waddell, Scott
Venue
Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2000-11
Volume
103
Issue
5
Pages
805-813
ISSN
0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2140882620
Cited by
332
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
FWCI
6.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
olfactory memory, mushroom body, vesicle recycling, neuropeptide release, memory retention, ethanol sensitivity, cAMP signaling, memory formation
MeSH terms
Cyclic AMP, Animals, Brain, Chromosomes, Drosophila, Genotype, Immunohistochemistry, Memory, Models, Biological, Mutation, Neurons, Neuropeptides, Peptides, Phenotype, Smell, Temperature, Time Factors, Gene Deletion, Genes, Reporter, Drosophila Proteins, Animals, Genetically Modified

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review