Introduction to neural networks
Open accessThe claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Artificial neural networks are powerful mathematical models that use nonlinear statistical analysis to classify large datasets into groups.
“Pattern recognition techniques such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) are powerful mathematical models which use nonlinear statistical analysis to classify large datasets into groups.10,11”
From Classification of high-resolution manometry data according to videofluoroscopic parameters using pattern recognition (2013) · cites this paper as [11]
ANNs have been used to analyze voice and swallow events, differentiating between normal and disordered events, as well as distinguishing among different types of disorders.
“ANNs have been used to analyze voice and swallow events, differentiating between normal and disordered events, as well as distinguishing among different types of disorders.9-12”
From Artificial neural network classification of pharyngeal high‐resolution manometry with impedance data (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Pattern recognition techniques, including ANNs, are powerful mathematical models that can handle large data sets and classify data into groups according to nonlinear statistical analysis.
“Pattern recognition techniques, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), are powerful mathematical models which can handle large data sets and classify data into groups according to nonlinear statistical analysis.9-11”
From Artificial neural network classification of pharyngeal high‐resolution manometry with impedance data (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Learning representations by back-propagating errors
Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E., & Williams, R. J. (1986) · Nature · doi:10.1038/323533a0 · Cited by 31,892 · see citing works
The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Hanley, J. A., & McNeil, B. J. (1982) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.143.1.7063747 · Cited by 21,856 · see citing works
A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity
McCulloch, W. S., & Pitts, W. (1943) · The Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics · doi:10.1007/bf02478259 · Cited by 18,566 · see citing works
Approximation by superpositions of a sigmoidal function
Cybenko, G. (1989) · Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems · doi:10.1007/bf02551274 · Cited by 13,883 · see citing works
Self-Organization and Associative Memory
Kohonen, T. (1989) · Springer Series in Information Sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-88163-3 · Cited by 8,740 · see citing works
Fast Learning in Networks of Locally-Tuned Processing Units
Moody, J. E., & Darken, C. J. (1989) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco.1989.1.2.281 · Cited by 4,225 · see citing works
Fundamentals of neural networks: architectures, algorithms, and applications
Fausett, L. V. (1994) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 3,036 · see citing works
A massively parallel architecture for a self-organizing neural pattern recognition machine
Carpenter, G. A., & Grossberg, S. (1987) · Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing · doi:10.1016/s0734-189x(87)80014-2 · Cited by 2,525 · see citing works
Carpenter, G. A., Grossberg, S., & Reynolds, J. H. (1991) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/0893-6080(91)90012-t · Cited by 981 · see citing works
Johnston, M. E., Langton, K. B., Haynes, R. B., & Mathieu, A. (1994) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-120-2-199401150-00007 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Goldman, L., Cook, E. F., Brand, D. A., Lee, T. H., Rouan, G. W., Weisberg, M. C., Acampora, D., Stasiulewicz, C., Walshon, J., Terranova, G., et al. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198803313181301 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Dynamic node creation in backpropagation networks
ASH, T. (1989) · Connection Science · doi:10.1080/09540098908915647 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Using Relevance to Reduce Network Size Automatically
Mozer, M. C., & Smolensky, P. (1989) · Connection Science · doi:10.1080/09540098908915626 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Field trials of medical decision-aids: potential problems and solutions.
Wyatt, J. C., & Spiegelhalter, D. J. (1991) · PubMed Central · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Evaluating black-boxes as medical decision aids: issues arising from a study of neural networks
Hart, A., & Wyatt, J. C. (1990) · Medical Informatics · doi:10.3109/14639239009025270 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Brahams, D., & Wyatt, J. C. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90765-4 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Approaches to predictive modeling
Steen, P. M. (1994) · The Annals of Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1016/0003-4975(94)91723-x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Rule Extraction, Fuzzy ARTMAP, and Medical Databases
Carpenter, G. A., & Tan, A. (1993) · OpenBU (Boston University) · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Harrison, R. F., Marshall, S., & Kennedy, R. L. (1994) · White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Johnston ME, Langton KB, Haynes B, Mathieu A. Effects of computer-based clinical decision support systems on clinical performance and patient outcome. Ann Intern Med 1994; 120: 135-42.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Application of artificial neural networks to clinical medicine
Baxt, W. G. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91804-3 · Cited by 677 · see citing works
Dybowski, R., Gant, V, Weller, P., & Chang, R. (1996) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90609-1 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Wise, E. S., Hocking, K. M., & Brophy, C. M. (2015) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2015.02.038 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Geddes, C. C., Fox, J. G., Allison, M. E. M., Boulton-Jones, J. M., & Simpson, K. (1998) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/13.1.67 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Hoffman, M. R., Jones, C. A., Geng, Z., Abelhalim, S. M., Walczak, C. C., Mitchell, A. R., Jiang, J. J., & McCulloch, T. M. (2013) · Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.1177/0194599813489506 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Peng, J. C., Ran, Z. H., & Shen, J. (2015) · International Journal of Colorectal Disease · doi:10.1007/s00384-015-2250-6 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
A Neural Network Approach to the Biopsy Diagnosis of Early Acute Renal Transplant Rejection
Furness, Levesley, Luo, Taub, Kazi, Bates, & Nicholson (1999) · Histopathology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2559.1999.035005461.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Artificial neural network classification of pharyngeal high‐resolution manometry with impedance data
Hoffman, M. R., Mielens, J. D., Omari, T. I., Rommel, N., Jiang, J. J., & McCulloch, T. M. (2013) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1002/lary.23655 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Lahner, E. (2005) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i37.5867 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Facciorusso, A., Del Prete, V., Antonino, M., Buccino, V. R., & Muscatiello, N. (2019) · Pancreatology · doi:10.1016/j.pan.2019.07.038 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Evaluation of artificial neural networks in the classification of primary oesophageal dysmotility
Santos, R., Haack, H. G., Maddalena, D., Hansen, R. D., & Kellow, J. E. (2006) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365520500234030 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cross, S. S., Harrison, R. F., & Kennedy, R. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-10
- Volume
- 346
- Issue
- 8982
- Pages
- 1075-1079
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2156133368
- Cited by
- 615
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 30.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Neural Networks and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Machine Learning and ELM
- Keywords
- artificial neural networks, discriminant analysis, nonlinear transformation, regression analysis, data spaces
- MeSH terms
- Algorithms, Decision Support Techniques, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Discriminant Analysis, Neural Networks, Computer
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
