Acellular vascular tissues: natural biomaterials for tissue repair and tissue engineering
Abstract
Various research groups around the world are actively investigating cardiovascular prostheses of biological origin. This review article discusses the need for such bioprosthetics and the potential role for natural tissues in cardiovascular applications such as cardiac valves and vascular grafts. Upon implantation, unmodified natural materials are subject to chemical and enzymatic degradation, seriously decreasing the life of the prosthesis. Therefore, methods such as glutaraldehyde and polyepoxide crosslinking treatments and dye-mediated photooxidation have been developed to stabilize the tissue while attempting to maintain its natural mechanical properties. Also, residual cellular components in a bioprosthetic material have been associated with undesired effects, such as calcification and immunological recognition, and thus have been the motivation for various decellularization processes. The effects of these stabilization and decellularization treatments on mechanical, biological and chemical properties of treated tissues have been investigated, specifically with regard to calcification, immunogenicity, and cytotoxicity concerns. Despite significant advances in the area of cardiovascular prostheses, there has yet to be developed a completely biocompatible, long-lasting implant. However, with the recent advent of tissue engineering, the possibility of applying selective cell seeding to naturally derived bioprosthetics moves us closer to a living tissue replacement.
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Glutaraldehyde has been used as a potent cross-linking agent; however, it has several complications such as cytotoxicity and calcification.
“Glutaraldehyde has been used as a potent cross-linking agent; however, it has several complications such as cytotoxicity and calcification [176].”
From Liver tissue engineering using decellularized scaffolds: Current progress, challenges, and opportunities (2024) · cites this paper as [176]
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“Glutaraldehyde has been used as a potent cross-linking agent; however, it has several complications such as cytotoxicity and calcification [176].”
Background
- Authors
- Schmidt, C. E., & Baier, J. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schmidt, Christine E.
- Venue
- Biomaterials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 2215-2231
- ISSN
- 0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2118877693
- Cited by
- 762
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 2.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biomaterials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Keywords
- bioprosthetic heart valves, vascular grafts, decellularization, glutaraldehyde crosslinking, photooxidation, calcification, immunogenicity, cytotoxicity, tissue engineering, cell seeding, tissue repair, natural biomaterials
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Calcinosis, Glutaral, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Humans, Prosthesis Design, Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
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