The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The elevated T-maze as an experimental model of anxiety
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Validation of open:closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat
Pellow, S., Chopin, P., File, S. E., & Briley, M. (1985) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/0165-0270(85)90031-7 · Cited by 5,822
5-HT and mechanisms of defence
Deakin, J. F. W., & Graeff, F. G. (1991) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988119100500414 · Cited by 1,010
Self-citationRole of 5-HT in stress, anxiety, and depression
Graeff, F. G., Guimarães, F. S., De Andrade, T. G. C. S., & Deakin, J. F. W. (1996) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(95)02135-3 · Cited by 984
Self-citationHandley, S. L., & Mithani, S. (1984) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00504983 · Cited by 969
The relation between fear induced by novel stimulation and exploratory drive.
Montgomery, K. C. (1955) · Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0043788 · Cited by 914
Anxiogenic stimuli in the elevated plus-maze
Treit, D., Menard, J., & Royan, C. (1993) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(93)90492-c · Cited by 628
Richelson, E., & Pfenning, M. (1984) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0014-2999(84)90403-5 · Cited by 526
SB 242084, a Selective and Brain Penetrant 5-HT 2C Receptor Antagonist
KENNETT, G. A., WOOD, M. D., BRIGHT, F., TRAIL, B., RILEY, G., HOLLAND, V., AVENELL, K. Y., STEAN, T., UPTON, N., BROMIDGE, S., et al. (1997) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0028-3908(97)00038-5 · Cited by 523
Griebel, G. (1995) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/0163-7258(95)98597-j · Cited by 488
Observational conditioning of snake fear in rhesus monkeys.
Mineka, S., Davidson, M., Cook, M., & Keir, R. (1984) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.93.4.355 · Cited by 414
Cited by
The neurobiology and control of anxious states
Millan, M. J. (2003) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(03)00087-x · Cited by 965
Mouse defensive behaviors: pharmacological and behavioral assays for anxiety and panic
Blanchard, D. (2001) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00009-4 · Cited by 461
Serotonin, the periaqueductal gray and panic
Graeff, F. G. (2004) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.12.004 · Cited by 285
Self-citationWhat's wrong with my mouse model?
Kalueff, A. V., Wheaton, M., & Murphy, D. L. (2007) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.01.023 · Cited by 285
The Role of Life Events and HPA Axis in Anxiety Disorders: A Review
Faravelli, C., Lo Sauro, C., Lelli, L., Pietrini, F., Lazzeretti, L., Godini, L., Benni, L., Fioravanti, G., Alina Talamba, G., Castellini, G., et al. (2012) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/138161212803530907 · Cited by 208
Metadata
- Authors
- Graeff, F. G., Ferreira Netto, C., & Zangrossi Jr, H.
- Venue
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 237-246
- ISSN
- 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2047067656
- Cited by
- 391
- References
- 56
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The elevated T-maze as an experimental model of anxiety. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0149-7634(98)00024-4
- The paper
- Graeff, F. G., Ferreira Netto, C., & Zangrossi Jr, H. (1998). The elevated T-maze as an experimental model of anxiety. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0149-7634(98)00024-4
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
