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Cited by 109Child Abuse and TraumaChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and Access

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Childhood adversity, gender and depression over the life-course

Wainwright, N.W.J., Surtees, P.G.·2002·Journal of Affective Disorders
DOI 10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00420-7
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Abstract

Background Full investigation of hypotheses concerning early risk factors and episodes of depression in adult life requires consideration of the separate risks of first onset and of recurrent episodes. This paper is based upon such an investigation.Methods A sample of participants in a large-scale population study (n=3491) provided information through retrospective assessment of lifetime history of (putative) major depressive disorder and of their adverse experiences in childhood. A statistical model based on Poisson regression, that combined both the (survival) distribution of first onset times with the subsequent rate of episode recurrence was specified to permit investigation of the gender difference in lifetime depression and the influence of childhood adversities on adult depression.Results A gender difference (with women at increased risk) was revealed for first onsets of depression only and was found to decrease with increasing age, being no longer apparent in those aged over 50. Experience either of a frightening event or of physical abuse in childhood was associated with an increased risk of first onset in younger adults (those aged < or =30).Limitations The method of data collection used in this study warrants some caution in the interpretation of substantive findings.Conclusions The relationships revealed concerning the risk for early and for late first onset and the risk of recurrence suggest different causal pathways underlying the associations between risk factors experienced early in life and depression in adulthood. Analyses that take full account of episode history can aid understanding of the origins of depression in adulthood.

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Metadata

Authors
Wainwright, N. W. J., & Surtees, P. G.
Affiliations
Medical Research Council (GB)
Corresponding author
Wainwright, N.W.J.
Venue
Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-10
Volume
72
Issue
1
Pages
33-44
ISSN
0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00420-7
OpenAlex
W1990099077
Cited by
109
References
44
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI
6.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
childhood adversity, depression, gender differences, major depressive disorder, child physical abuse, life course
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Aged, Child, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Prevalence

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